Foreign Direct Investment, Global Value Chains, and Labor Rights: No Race-to-the-Bottom?

J. McLaren, H. Im
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引用次数: 2

Abstract

In a stylized model of multinational firms choosing host locations for their global value chains, host-country governments choose the strength of collective-bargaining rights that allow their workers to receive a share of the resulting quasi-rents. Each government must trade off the direct benefit of stronger bargaining rights against both the effect of chasing multinationals away to rival countries and general-equilibrium effects of discouraging investment in the industry altogether. We find that an increase in globalization in the sense of lower transaction costs has no effect on equilibrium workers' rights, but adding more countries to the global trading system tends, in the limit, to weaken them. Thus, as a matter of theory, the effect of globalization on labor rights is ambiguous. Empirically, we find little evidence that globalization drives movements in labor rights in either direction.
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外国直接投资、全球价值链与劳工权利:不存在逐底竞争?
在跨国公司为其全球价值链选择东道国的程式化模型中,东道国政府选择集体谈判权的强度,使其工人能够获得由此产生的准租金份额。各国政府必须权衡更强议价权带来的直接好处,以及将跨国公司赶往竞争对手国家的影响,以及完全抑制对该行业投资的一般均衡效应。我们发现,在交易成本较低的意义上,全球化的增加对均衡工人的权利没有影响,但在全球贸易体系中加入更多的国家往往在极限情况下削弱了这些权利。因此,从理论上讲,全球化对劳工权利的影响是模糊的。从经验上看,我们发现很少有证据表明全球化会推动劳工权利朝任何一个方向运动。
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