A Cantharus from ancient Betar near Jerusalem (the so-called Warren Cup) and Roman Silver Plate

Abstract

This article examines in detail a Roman silver cantharus, said to be from ancient Betar, near Jerusalem (Palestine), and attempts to set it in its wider material, social and historical contexts. After consideration of the construction and condition, the scenes are discussed and attention drawn to the Greek elements in the iconography of the scenes of homosexual intercourse, especially the hair, which also provides a guide to the age and status of the figures. The possible impact of the iconography on the users of the cantharus, the status of its purchaser, and its final archaeological context are all touched on. Connections between small-scale vessels in various materials are also noted, especially Arretine pottery. Finally, questions are raised about individual craftsmen and workshops, signing and copying, and even chronology.