Identity Construction and State Loyalties of Otmar Babić

Sandra Cvikić
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Abstract

This paper provides a study case of the First World War Croatian Major General Otmar Babić. It investigates the post-First World War national identity construction and shifting state loyalties of this Austro-Hungarian high-ranking military official in three different state regimes: the Austro-Hungarian Monarchy, the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats, and Slovenes / Kingdom of Yugoslavia, and Independent State of Croatia. In view of the limited scope of this paper, the presented preliminary findings are narrowly focused on the text – on Otmar Babić’s statements in various types of narrations. His personal records are treated as narrations that belong to the historization of warfare experience – a military history from below. Therefore, this micro-level sociological study has analyzed developed discourse and discursive practices reflected in the correspondence between Major General Babić and state institutions, and his private, more intimate, writings expressed in poetry. Otmar Babic’s statements have been analyzed and treated as social representations expressed in discourse about the impact of the First World War on his life. Foucauldian discourse analysis applied as methodology has therefore, enabled to do qualitative sociological research into the shifting nature of Otmar Babić’s identity construction in different state regimes, as well as into his shifting state loyalties after the First World War when he was retired. Otmar Babić’s case provides a subjective account of the military past and post-war life and represents a source of First World War history from a personal perspective and a true testimony to the long lost Croatian cultural memory.
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巴比奇的身份建构与国家忠诚
本文提供了第一次世界大战克罗地亚少将奥特马尔·巴比奇的研究案例。它调查了一战后奥匈帝国高级军官在三个不同国家政权中的国家身份建构和国家忠诚的转变:奥匈帝国、塞尔维亚、克罗地亚和斯洛文尼亚王国/南斯拉夫王国和克罗地亚独立国。鉴于本文的范围有限,所提出的初步研究结果仅局限于文本-关于奥特马尔·巴比奇在各种类型叙述中的陈述。他的个人记录被视为属于战争经历的历史化的叙述——一种自下而上的军事史。因此,这一微观层面的社会学研究分析了巴比奇少将与国家机构之间的通信中所反映的发展的话语和话语实践,以及他在诗歌中表达的私人的、更亲密的作品。奥特马尔·巴比奇的言论已经被分析和视为社会表征,表达了关于第一次世界大战对他生活的影响的话语。因此,运用福柯话语分析作为方法论,可以对巴比奇在不同国家政权中身份建构的转变性质以及他在第一次世界大战后退休后对国家忠诚的转变进行定性的社会学研究。奥特马尔·巴比奇的案件提供了对军队过去和战后生活的主观描述,从个人角度代表了第一次世界大战历史的来源,也是对克罗地亚长期丢失的文化记忆的真实见证。
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20
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