Nosema disease is an actual problem of beekeeping

Abstract

The article presents an information review on the infectious disease of bees – nosematosis. The features of the structure of the spore, the life cycle of development, transmission of infection are described, as well as methods of diagnosis, treatment, and prevention are displayed. Alternative methods of treatment and their effectiveness are shown. A decrease in the population of the honey bee (Apis mellifera) was noted. One of the reasons is an opportunistic infection of bees caused by microsporidia of the genus Nozema. Nosematosis occurs in most countries of the world. At the moment, three species of this parasite have been described in honey bees: N. aris, N. ceranae and N. neumanni. The most common are N. aris, N. ceranae. In 2011, Gisder et al. a model of tissue cell culture was developed, which made it possible to see the intracellular life cycle of these microsporidia. It is important for the preservation of the Apis mellifera population to study up-to-date information and look for new ways to combat this disease. Honey bees play an important role for humanity and are an integral part of biological diversity. Its work as a pollinator of agricultural crops and other plants cannot be overestimated.