Iodine status of Saint Petersburg adult residents

Abstract

Backgraund. Globally, it is estimated that 2 billion individuals have an insufficient iodine intake. Aim. To assess iodine status and the effectiveness of iodine deficiency prophylaxis in adult population of St. Petersburg. Methods. А retrospective analysis of the prevalence neonatal hyperthyrotropinemia in St. Petersburg for the period 2013–2014 was made. In a cross-sectional study were included 542 residents of St. Petersburg aged 18-77 years. All participants were divided into 3 groups according to age. Pregnant women were evaluated separately. All participants were questioned, the values of urinary iodine concentration (UIC) were analyzed. Results. The frequency of neonatal thyroid-stimulating hormone concentrations above 5 mU/L was 6.9%. Iodized salt was used by 41.1% of all surveyed persons and 52.2% of pregnant women. Iodine supplements were taken by half of pregnant women. Median UIС of all participants was 91.2 mcg/L and corresponded to mild iodine deficiency. Median UIC in pregnant women was 112.4 mcg/L and corresponded to insufficient iodine intake. Conclusions. The population of St. Petersburg lives in a region of mild iodine deficiency. Prophylaxis of iodine deficiency held in St. Petersburg in 2013–2015 was not effective enough. Persons of reproductive age and pregnant women had mild iodine deficiency.