{"title":"Spectral Efficient Coding Schemes in Optical Communications","authors":"T. Lotz, W. Sauer-Greff, R. Urbansky","doi":"10.5923/J.IJOE.20120204.01","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"Achieving high spectral efficiency in optical transmissions has recently attracted much attention, aiming to satisfy the ever increasing demand for high data rates in optical fiber communications. Therefore, strong Forward Error Correction (FEC) coding in combination with multilevel modulation schemes is mandatory to approach the channel capacity of the transmission link. In this paper we give design rules on the joint optimization of coding and signal constellations under practical considerations. We give trade-offs between spectral efficiency and hardware complexity, by comparing coding schemes using capacity achieving constellations with bit-interleaved coded modulation and iterative decoding (BICM-ID) against applying conventional square quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM) constellations but employing powerful low complexity low-density parity-check (LDPC) codes. Both schemes are suitable for optical single carrier (SC) and optical orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (OFDM) transmission systems, where we consider the latter one in this paper, due to well-studied equalization techniques in wireless communications. We numerically study the performance of different coded modulation formats in optical OFDM transmission, showing that for a fiber optical transmission link of 960 km reach the net spectral efficiency can be increased by ≈0.4 bit/s/Hz to 8.61 bit/s/Hz at a post FEC BER of <10-15 by using coded optimized constellations instead of coded 64-QAM.In this paper we propose a high spectral efficient coded modulation scheme for implementation in future optical communication systems operating at data rates beyond 400 Gb/s. In detail, we adapt the “Turbo Principle” to BICM-ID[8] and combine it with a high-rate outer algebraic code to obtain a post-FEC BER <10-15, which is a typical demand in optical transponders. Furthermore we give simple design principles for the design of BICM-ID based on the extrinsic information transfer (EXIT) chart analysis[9]. The optical channel is considered to be weakly-nonlinear. Therefore the proposed techniques are also applicable for single-carrier transmission; however we consider OFDM since it appears to be more appropriate for the high order modulation formats and efficient equalization algorithms that are well established in wireless communications.","PeriodicalId":14375,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Online Engineering","volume":"33 1","pages":"18-25"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0000,"publicationDate":"2012-08-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"2","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"International Journal of Online Engineering","FirstCategoryId":"1085","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.5923/J.IJOE.20120204.01","RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":null,"ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"","JCRName":"","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
Abstract
Achieving high spectral efficiency in optical transmissions has recently attracted much attention, aiming to satisfy the ever increasing demand for high data rates in optical fiber communications. Therefore, strong Forward Error Correction (FEC) coding in combination with multilevel modulation schemes is mandatory to approach the channel capacity of the transmission link. In this paper we give design rules on the joint optimization of coding and signal constellations under practical considerations. We give trade-offs between spectral efficiency and hardware complexity, by comparing coding schemes using capacity achieving constellations with bit-interleaved coded modulation and iterative decoding (BICM-ID) against applying conventional square quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM) constellations but employing powerful low complexity low-density parity-check (LDPC) codes. Both schemes are suitable for optical single carrier (SC) and optical orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (OFDM) transmission systems, where we consider the latter one in this paper, due to well-studied equalization techniques in wireless communications. We numerically study the performance of different coded modulation formats in optical OFDM transmission, showing that for a fiber optical transmission link of 960 km reach the net spectral efficiency can be increased by ≈0.4 bit/s/Hz to 8.61 bit/s/Hz at a post FEC BER of <10-15 by using coded optimized constellations instead of coded 64-QAM.In this paper we propose a high spectral efficient coded modulation scheme for implementation in future optical communication systems operating at data rates beyond 400 Gb/s. In detail, we adapt the “Turbo Principle” to BICM-ID[8] and combine it with a high-rate outer algebraic code to obtain a post-FEC BER <10-15, which is a typical demand in optical transponders. Furthermore we give simple design principles for the design of BICM-ID based on the extrinsic information transfer (EXIT) chart analysis[9]. The optical channel is considered to be weakly-nonlinear. Therefore the proposed techniques are also applicable for single-carrier transmission; however we consider OFDM since it appears to be more appropriate for the high order modulation formats and efficient equalization algorithms that are well established in wireless communications.
期刊介绍:
We would like to inform you, that iJOE, the ''International Journal of Online Engineering'' will accept now also papers in the field of Biomedical Engineering and e-Health''. iJOE will therefore be published from January 2019 as the ''International Journal of Online and Biomedical Engineering''. The objective of the journal is to publish and discuss fundamentals, applications and experiences in the fields of Online Engineering (remote engineering, virtual instrumentation and online simulations, etc) and Biomedical Engineering/e-Health. The use of cyber-physical systems, virtual and remote controlled devices and remote laboratories are the directions for advanced teleworking/e-working environments. In general, online engineering is a future trend in engineering and science. Due to the growing complexity of engineering tasks, more and more specialized and expensive equipment as well as software tools and simulators, shortage of highly qualified staff, and the demands of globalization and collaboration activities, it become essential to utilize cyber cloud technologies to maximize the use of engineering resources. Online engineering is the way to address these issues. Considering these, one focus of the International Journal of Online and Biomedical Engineering is to provide a platform to publish fundamentals, applications and experiences in the field of Online Engineering, for example: Remote Engineering Internet of Things Cyber-physical Systems Digital Twins Industry 4.0 Virtual Instrumentation. An important application field of online engineering tools and principles are Biomedical Engineering / e-Health. Topics we are interested to publish are: Automation Technology for Medical Applications Big Data in Medicine Biomedical Devices Biosensors Biosignal Processing Clinical Informatics Computational Neuroscience Computer-Aided Surgery.