Initial material for red lentil (Lens culinaris Medik.) breeding

O. Kulinich
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Abstract

Topicality. As an important food crop, red lentils account for 70 % of gross consumption, and the demand for these lentils among consumers in Ukraine is constantly increasing, so it is important to develop and promote varieties of this species into production. Purpose. To create and evaluate a new initial material based on a set of economically valuable traits for the red lentil breeding. Methods. The research was conducted at the State Enterprise "Experimental Farm Krasnohradske" in the 2020–2022. The main method used for lentil breeding is intraspecific hybridization followed by individual selection in nurseries. Records and observations were carried out according to generally accepted methods. Results. Plant height of the most productive hybrids ranged from 47.0 to 56.5 cm. The coefficient of variation for this indicator was in the range of 6.4–10.8 %. The number of lateral branches in the studied samples was 5-18 pcs, the coefficient of variation ranged from 15.2 to 26.2 %. The highest number of beans per plant was in the following combinations: natural hybrid with CN 111395 – 281 pcs, and CN 111396 × (Stanka 2 × K. 1212) – 261 pcs on average, the coefficient of variation of this trait was within 32-45 %. Among the studied samples of red lentils, the number of full seeds per plant reached 520 pcs. The best combinations in terms of this indicator were Stanka 2 × K. 1212 with an average of 283 seeds and CN 111396 × (Stanka 2 × K. 1212) with an average of 275 seeds. The coefficient of variation for this indicator was quite high (36–52 %), depending on the combination. The grain weight per plant was 6.3–8.6 g. Еhe coefficient of variation of this trait was 46–51 %, which indicates a significant potential for the selection of highly productive lines. The high yielding combinations by grain weight per plant were hybrid combinations Stanka 2 × K. 1212; CN 111396 × (Stanka 2 × K. 1212). Conclusions. It was found that extreme growing conditions reduced both average and maximum values for all traits. Significant variation in the number of beans and seeds per plant as well as in the seed weight per plant was recorded. In the near future, the developed hybrid combinations are planned to be included in the breeding programme for new high-yielding red lentil varieties. Key words: lentil, variety, hybridization, cotyledons, yield, traits, hybrid combinations
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红扁豆(Lens culinaris Medik.)育种的初步材料
时事性。作为一种重要的粮食作物,红扁豆占总消费量的70%,乌克兰消费者对这些扁豆的需求不断增加,因此开发和推广该物种的品种投入生产非常重要。目的。以一组具有经济价值的红扁豆育种性状为基础,创建和评价一种新的初始材料。方法。该研究于2020-2022年在国有企业“Krasnohradske实验农场”进行。小扁豆育种的主要方法是种内杂交,然后在苗圃中进行个体选择。根据普遍接受的方法进行记录和观察。结果。高产杂交种株高在47.0 ~ 56.5 cm之间。该指标的变异系数在6.4 ~ 10.8%之间。研究样本中侧枝数为5 ~ 18个,变异系数为15.2% ~ 26.2%。单株豆数最高的组合为天然杂交种111395 ~ 281个,平均111396 ×(斯坦卡2 × K. 1212) ~ 261个,变异系数在32 ~ 45%以内。在红扁豆的研究样本中,每株完整种子的数量达到520粒。该指标的最佳组合为斯坦卡2 × K. 1212,平均种子283粒,CN 111396 ×(斯坦卡2 × K. 1212)平均种子275粒。根据不同的组合,该指标的变异系数相当高(36 - 52%)。单株粒重为6.3 ~ 8.6 g, Еhe变异系数为46 ~ 51%,在选育高产品系方面具有较大潜力。单株粒重高产组合为杂交组合斯坦卡2 × K. 1212;CN 111396 × (Stanka 2 × K. 1212)。结论。结果表明,极端生长条件降低了所有性状的平均值和最大值。记录了每株豆子和种子数量以及每株种子重量的显著变化。在不久的将来,计划将开发的杂交组合列入新的高产红扁豆品种育种方案。关键词:扁豆,品种,杂交,子叶,产量,性状,组合
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