An evaluation of the potential applications of nature-based solutions for water quality protection: Ireland as a case study

Abstract

Abstract:The nature-based solutions (NBS) approach views nature and natural processes as having a high potential to address societal challenges and sustainable development goals, whilst providing multiple co-benefits. It is an approach that offers a mechanism for mainstreaming climate-related issues into practice and policy. Concurrently, EU member states are struggling to comply with the objectives of the Water Framework Directive (WFD). This paper evaluates the application of NBS in addressing water-quality issues in the EU, using Ireland as a case study through a systematic review of the literature. This study found that there are many anecdotal examples of NBS in Ireland, although they are rarely identified as such in publications and official documents. However, a database was compiled of NBS identified during a systematic review of the literature. Existing research indicates the selected NBS of constructed wetlands (CWs), sustainable drainage systems (Suds) and NBS in the riparian zone can improve water quality, to varying degrees. Limited Irish-based research was available for Suds and NBS in the riparian zone. Reported co-benefits include cost-savings, enhanced biodiversity and ecosystem services such as carbon sequestration and recreation. The potential for further implementation of the selected NBS in Ireland is significant.This is an Open Access Article under the terms of the Creative Commons attribution license, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Open Access funding provided by IReL.