Investigation of Mechanical Behaviors of Dental Implants with Different Geometries

Abstract

Dental implants have received a lot of attention and have been used to treat symptoms like missing teeth and bad teeth. Due to the wide range of occupations and ages of patients, the functions and aims of implants are different. There are many kinds of dental implant shapes. However, with the popularity of dental implants, some problems caused by the dental implant shape have appeared in people's eyes. In fact, some implants were used incorrectly. This makes the stress distribution around the implant unreasonable; it not only affects the surrounding bone resorption but also causes mechanical fracture of the implant. This work aims to evaluate the mechanical features of five different kinds of dental implant systems. By applying engineering systems of investigations like FEM, five types of dental implants and surrounding bone tissue were modeled and simulated under vertical loads of 90N. Distributions of stresses and deformations in the bone were obtained and ranked into statistical scores, which were used to judge the optimum geometry of implants. Analytical results showed that the cylindrical implant, is the most optimum shape among other types of implants.