Educación terapéutica en alimentación de la persona con diabetes tipo 1 joven y adulta. Adaptación a la terapia con infusión subcutánea continua de insulina

Abstract

First of all, and as an introduction, this review of scientific literature offers information on therapeutic education for the person with diabetes and his/her family members, as well as the concept of nutritional dietary education. Secondly, it reviews the current approach to treating diabetes mellitus type 1 either with therapy with multiple doses of insulin (MDI) or with continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion (CSII), their relation with the most liberalized food plan since they allow the dosage of pre-prandial insulin to be better adapted to the intake of carbohydrates (CH), and also offering aspects related with adhesion to dietetic monitoring. Lastly, in the third place, the bases and characteristics of the CSII therapy and specific learning that people with diabetes and their family members have to do basically focusing on the differential aspects in relation with the food plan with respect to the MDIs are explained. CSII therapy can offer more dietary flexibility than any other form of treatment, although in order to optimize the infuser's benefits, the patient not only has to learn to estimate the amount of CHs, but also other nutrients like the amount of fat or fibre that can interfere in their absorption.