Adherent or non-adherent mesenchymal stem cell; which one is more applicable for clinical study?

Abstract

Regenerative or reparative medicine isa new term which emerged in medicine to refer to renewing of damaged organs by stem cells. Mesenchymal stem cellsare multipotent progenitor cells that have the capacity to differentiate into all lineages of mesodermal origin. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have a good potential for inducing anti-inflammatory responses in inflamed tissues, hence they are used as therapy in auto-inflammatory disease. Due to their differentiation, proliferation and self- renewing characteristics, have received attentions with regard to their potential use as therapeutic agent. This promising area of science is leading scientists to investigate the possibility of cell-based therapies to treat different kinds of diseases, e.g., GVHD, Multiple sclerosis, diabetes and etc. There are two population of cells in the bone marrow that can be differentiated to MSCs in vitro.Mesenchymal stem cells derived from the non-adherent cell population of human bone marrow cell cultures had similar cell proliferation rates in vitrowhen compared with the MSCs derived from the primary adherent cell population. While there are different methods for isolation and preparation of MSCs from different tissues, but none of them are completely standard. All these methods need additional manipulations of cells, which may affect their differentiation potentials as well as increasing the risk of contamination of cultures. Therefore, there is a need to compare these populations from different aspects. We hypothesize that non adherent MSCs population are more applicable than adherent one, therefore, culturing and manipulating of non-adherent MSCs population is easier than adherent MSCs. In addition, non-adherent MSCs culturing is a cost-effective way as well as increasing the number of cells and shortening the time of the cell culture.