Assessment of yield loss of cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L.) due to root-knot nematode, Meloidogyne incognita under field conditions.

A. A. Adegbite
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引用次数: 12

Abstract

The root knot nematodes are included within the genus Meloidogyne Goldi, 1892 and belong to a relatively small but important polyphagous group of highly adapted obligate plant pathogens. Typically, they are distributed worldwide and parasitize nearly every species of higher plant. Due to their endoparasitic way of living and feeding, root knot nematodes disrupt the physiology of the plant and may reduce crop yield and product quality and, therefore, are of great economic importance and make control necessary. Field studies were conducted in 2008 and 2009 to determine yield loss of cowpea (cv. ART98-12) due to natural infestation by M. incognita using Carbofuran 3G at 2kg a.i./ha and untreated as check. The yield of cowpea was found to be higher with the application of nematicide-Carbofuran 3G at 2kg a.i. /ha. The percentage increase over control was 39.0 and 33.0% in the years 2008 and 2009, respectively. A significant reduction in the yield of cowpea in untreated plots was mainly attributed to direct damage of the root system by the feeding of root-knot nematode, M. incognita . The root knot nematode population in carbofuran treated plots was significantly lower than in check in the two years, also at harvest. In the check the nematodes reproduced many folds during the cropping season. Higher nematode population in the untreated check decreased plant growth and consequently reduced the number of harvested seeds and other agronomic parameters.
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田间条件下豇豆因根结线虫(Meloidogyne incognita)的产量损失评价。
根结线虫属于Meloidogyne Goldi属,1892,属于一个相对较小但重要的多食性群体,具有高度适应性的专性植物病原体。通常,它们分布在世界各地,并寄生在几乎所有种类的高等植物上。根结线虫以内寄生的方式生存和取食,破坏植物的生理,可能降低作物产量和产品质量,因此具有重要的经济意义,必须加以控制。2008年和2009年进行了实地研究,以确定豇豆(cv。在未处理的情况下,以2kg a.i.i. /ha剂量的克百威3G对无头夜蛾的自然侵染进行对照。施用2kg a.i /ha杀线虫剂-卡呋虫胺3G可提高豇豆产量。2008年和2009年的增幅分别为39.0%和33.0%。未经处理的豇豆产量显著下降的主要原因是根结线虫(M. incognita)取食对根系的直接损害。在两年中,施用呋喃的地块根结线虫的数量显著低于对照,在收获时也是如此。在试验中,线虫在种植季节繁殖了许多褶皱。在未经处理的对照中,较高的线虫数量减少了植物生长,从而减少了收获种子的数量和其他农艺参数。
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