Pub Date : 2011-05-01DOI: 10.3923/PJN.2011.475.479
S. Adeyemi
The study of physico-chemical parameters and their effect on potential fish yield in Gbedikere Lake was carried out. Water samples were collected between 9 am and 10 am every fourth nightly from three sampling points marked A, B and C between September 2006 and December 2008. Temperature and Transparency were measured on the field using Temperature Meter (9091 model) and Secchi-disk. 250 ml of water samples were collected and transported to the Biological Sciences Laboratory for analysis of pH, Dissolved Oxygen (DO2), Conductivity and Total Dissolved Solids (TDS). The result showed that Temperature, pH, Conductivity, DO2, TDS and Transparency ranged from 26-29 C, 5.08-8.02, 0.04-42.19 o ms/m /mol , 6.1-19.85 mg/l, 13.00-45.00 mg/l and 8.0-68.7 cm respectively. The correlation matrix for 2 -1 physico-chemical parameters revealed that there was no significant difference between Temperature, pH and Conductivity (p 0.05) between Temperature, TDS, pH an d Conductivity in the three sampling points. Water quality parameters of the lake were found to be suitable for fish production.
{"title":"Study of Some Physico-chemical Parameters and Their Effect on Potential Fish Yield in Gbedikere Lake, Bassa, Kogi State, Nigeria","authors":"S. Adeyemi","doi":"10.3923/PJN.2011.475.479","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3923/PJN.2011.475.479","url":null,"abstract":"The study of physico-chemical parameters and their effect on potential fish yield in Gbedikere Lake was carried out. Water samples were collected between 9 am and 10 am every fourth nightly from three sampling points marked A, B and C between September 2006 and December 2008. Temperature and Transparency were measured on the field using Temperature Meter (9091 model) and Secchi-disk. 250 ml of water samples were collected and transported to the Biological Sciences Laboratory for analysis of pH, Dissolved Oxygen (DO2), Conductivity and Total Dissolved Solids (TDS). The result showed that Temperature, pH, Conductivity, DO2, TDS and Transparency ranged from 26-29 C, 5.08-8.02, 0.04-42.19 o ms/m /mol , 6.1-19.85 mg/l, 13.00-45.00 mg/l and 8.0-68.7 cm respectively. The correlation matrix for 2 -1 physico-chemical parameters revealed that there was no significant difference between Temperature, pH and Conductivity (p 0.05) between Temperature, TDS, pH an d Conductivity in the three sampling points. Water quality parameters of the lake were found to be suitable for fish production.","PeriodicalId":11566,"journal":{"name":"Electronic journal of environmental, agricultural and food chemistry","volume":"133 1","pages":"2391-2397"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76612654","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The root knot nematodes are included within the genus Meloidogyne Goldi, 1892 and belong to a relatively small but important polyphagous group of highly adapted obligate plant pathogens. Typically, they are distributed worldwide and parasitize nearly every species of higher plant. Due to their endoparasitic way of living and feeding, root knot nematodes disrupt the physiology of the plant and may reduce crop yield and product quality and, therefore, are of great economic importance and make control necessary. Field studies were conducted in 2008 and 2009 to determine yield loss of cowpea (cv. ART98-12) due to natural infestation by M. incognita using Carbofuran 3G at 2kg a.i./ha and untreated as check. The yield of cowpea was found to be higher with the application of nematicide-Carbofuran 3G at 2kg a.i. /ha. The percentage increase over control was 39.0 and 33.0% in the years 2008 and 2009, respectively. A significant reduction in the yield of cowpea in untreated plots was mainly attributed to direct damage of the root system by the feeding of root-knot nematode, M. incognita . The root knot nematode population in carbofuran treated plots was significantly lower than in check in the two years, also at harvest. In the check the nematodes reproduced many folds during the cropping season. Higher nematode population in the untreated check decreased plant growth and consequently reduced the number of harvested seeds and other agronomic parameters.
{"title":"Assessment of yield loss of cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L.) due to root-knot nematode, Meloidogyne incognita under field conditions.","authors":"A. A. Adegbite","doi":"10.5281/ZENODO.8125","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5281/ZENODO.8125","url":null,"abstract":"The root knot nematodes are included within the genus Meloidogyne Goldi, 1892 and belong to a relatively small but important polyphagous group of highly adapted obligate plant pathogens. Typically, they are distributed worldwide and parasitize nearly every species of higher plant. Due to their endoparasitic way of living and feeding, root knot nematodes disrupt the physiology of the plant and may reduce crop yield and product quality and, therefore, are of great economic importance and make control necessary. Field studies were conducted in 2008 and 2009 to determine yield loss of cowpea (cv. ART98-12) due to natural infestation by M. incognita using Carbofuran 3G at 2kg a.i./ha and untreated as check. The yield of cowpea was found to be higher with the application of nematicide-Carbofuran 3G at 2kg a.i. /ha. The percentage increase over control was 39.0 and 33.0% in the years 2008 and 2009, respectively. A significant reduction in the yield of cowpea in untreated plots was mainly attributed to direct damage of the root system by the feeding of root-knot nematode, M. incognita . The root knot nematode population in carbofuran treated plots was significantly lower than in check in the two years, also at harvest. In the check the nematodes reproduced many folds during the cropping season. Higher nematode population in the untreated check decreased plant growth and consequently reduced the number of harvested seeds and other agronomic parameters.","PeriodicalId":11566,"journal":{"name":"Electronic journal of environmental, agricultural and food chemistry","volume":"78 1","pages":"2042-2048"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83941505","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2010-04-01DOI: 10.3923/JFTECH.2010.183.186
D. Makris
{"title":"Optimisation of anthocyanin recovery from onion (Allium cepa) solid wastes using response surface methodology.","authors":"D. Makris","doi":"10.3923/JFTECH.2010.183.186","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3923/JFTECH.2010.183.186","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":11566,"journal":{"name":"Electronic journal of environmental, agricultural and food chemistry","volume":"17 1","pages":"1587-1592"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73859258","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2010-02-01DOI: 10.3923/RJDSCI.2010.12.17
R. V. Kale, S. S. Kadam, S. I. Hashmi
{"title":"Studies on effect of different varieties of date palm paste incorporation on quality characteristics of yoghurt.","authors":"R. V. Kale, S. S. Kadam, S. I. Hashmi","doi":"10.3923/RJDSCI.2010.12.17","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3923/RJDSCI.2010.12.17","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":11566,"journal":{"name":"Electronic journal of environmental, agricultural and food chemistry","volume":"35 1","pages":"2371-2381"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81932358","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2010-02-01DOI: 10.3923/RJPSCIENCE.2010.27.31
P. C. Alikwe, A. Faremi, P. A. Egwaikhide
{"title":"Biochemical evaluation of serum metabolites, enzymes and haematological indices of broilerchicks fed with varying levels of rumen epithelial scraps in place of fish meal proteins.","authors":"P. C. Alikwe, A. Faremi, P. A. Egwaikhide","doi":"10.3923/RJPSCIENCE.2010.27.31","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3923/RJPSCIENCE.2010.27.31","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":11566,"journal":{"name":"Electronic journal of environmental, agricultural and food chemistry","volume":"36 1","pages":"991-999"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81319606","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2009-10-01DOI: 10.3923/PJN.2009.1521.1525
B. Amos-Tautua, C. Madukosiri
{"title":"The effect of processing on the sodium, potassium, and phosphorus content of six locally consumed varieties of Manihot esculenta grown in Bayelsa state.","authors":"B. Amos-Tautua, C. Madukosiri","doi":"10.3923/PJN.2009.1521.1525","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3923/PJN.2009.1521.1525","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":11566,"journal":{"name":"Electronic journal of environmental, agricultural and food chemistry","volume":"12 1","pages":"301-307"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80033355","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The bioactive compounds activities of leaves extracts of two Nigerian edible vegetables were carried out by agar well diffusion method on selected food borne pathogens of medical significance. Both aqueous and ethanolic extracts of these plants leaves were tested against E.coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus cereus Shigella dysentriae and Salmonella typhimurium with the later showing better and significant anitibacterial activity on all the test isolates. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of both extracts ranged between 7.5mg/ml -25mg/ml for aqueous extract and 12.5mg/ml -15mg/ml for ethanolic extract. The extracts of these plants may be used to treat gastroenteritis at the various concentration used for this work.
{"title":"Assessment of the antibacterial activity of Vernonia amygdalina and Occimum gratissimum leaves on selected food borne pathogens.","authors":"T. A. Ibrahim, L. Ajala, F. Adetuyi, B. Jude-Ojei","doi":"10.5580/822","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5580/822","url":null,"abstract":"The bioactive compounds activities of leaves extracts of two Nigerian edible vegetables were carried out by agar well diffusion method on selected food borne pathogens of medical significance. Both aqueous and ethanolic extracts of these plants leaves were tested against E.coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus cereus Shigella dysentriae and Salmonella typhimurium with the later showing better and significant anitibacterial activity on all the test isolates. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of both extracts ranged between 7.5mg/ml -25mg/ml for aqueous extract and 12.5mg/ml -15mg/ml for ethanolic extract. The extracts of these plants may be used to treat gastroenteritis at the various concentration used for this work.","PeriodicalId":11566,"journal":{"name":"Electronic journal of environmental, agricultural and food chemistry","volume":"32 1","pages":"1213-1217"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85274435","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This work was conducted to evaluate the influence of culture conditions (nitrogen concentrations in growth medium) on characterization of some nutraceutical compounds in algal Spirulina maxima. Antioxidant and antibacterial activities as well as chemical composition of organic extracts obtained from different cultures were examined. The amounts of total carotenoids, chlorophylls-derived and phenolic compounds were associated inversely with concentration of nitrogen in growth media. The antibacterial results showed that all S.maxima extracts exhibited great potential antibacterial activities against six bacterial strains with inhibition zones ranged 7 - 18 mm and MICs values ranged 30 - 40 µg/mL. Also, all S.maxima extracts possessed potent antioxidant properties as comparable to commercial antioxidants. The chromatographic analyses of Spirulina organic extracts with TLC and HPLC showed that carotenoids, chlorophyll-derived and phenol compounds were presence as main constituents and their quantities was significantly changed dependant on culture conditions. Thus, it could be suggested that the Spirulina is useful bio-system for production bioactive compounds possess an antioxidants and antimicrobial principles and as natural pigments.
{"title":"Characterization of nutraceutical compounds in blue green alga Spirulina maxima.","authors":"H. H. A. El-Baky, F. Baz, G. El-Baroty","doi":"10.5897/JMPR.9000331","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5897/JMPR.9000331","url":null,"abstract":"This work was conducted to evaluate the influence of culture conditions (nitrogen concentrations in growth medium) on characterization of some nutraceutical compounds in algal Spirulina maxima. Antioxidant and antibacterial activities as well as chemical composition of organic extracts obtained from different cultures were examined. The amounts of total carotenoids, chlorophylls-derived and phenolic compounds were associated inversely with concentration of nitrogen in growth media. The antibacterial results showed that all S.maxima extracts exhibited great potential antibacterial activities against six bacterial strains with inhibition zones ranged 7 - 18 mm and MICs values ranged 30 - 40 µg/mL. Also, all S.maxima extracts possessed potent antioxidant properties as comparable to commercial antioxidants. The chromatographic analyses of Spirulina organic extracts with TLC and HPLC showed that carotenoids, chlorophyll-derived and phenol compounds were presence as main constituents and their quantities was significantly changed dependant on culture conditions. Thus, it could be suggested that the Spirulina is useful bio-system for production bioactive compounds possess an antioxidants and antimicrobial principles and as natural pigments.","PeriodicalId":11566,"journal":{"name":"Electronic journal of environmental, agricultural and food chemistry","volume":"61 9","pages":"1113-1126"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91465923","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The antifungal activity of methanolic crude extract of Tectona grandis, Shilajit, Valeriana wallachi was investigated against Alternaria cajani, Curvularia lunata, Fusarium sp., Bipolaris sp. and Helminthosporium sp. at different concentrations (1000, 2000, 3000, 4000 and 5000 �og/ml). Better antifungal activity was observed with the extracts of Valeriana wallachi, that showed excellent inhibitory activity against Helminthosporium sp. (96.15%) followed by Shilajit extract against Alternaria cajani (95.12 %) and Helminthosporium sp. (95.00 %) at concentration of 5000 �og/ml. Among different fungi tested Bipolaris sp. and Fusarium were found to be more sensitive to crude extract when compared to others. The increase in the production of phenolics in the extract can be correlated with the induction of resistance in treated plants against phytopathogenic fungi. HPLC analysis of the crude extract of medicinal plants showed four different Phenolic acids (Tannic acid, Gallic acid, Ferulic acid and Caffeic acid). The results of the study provide scientific basis for the use of the plant extract in the future development as antioxidant, antibacterial, antifungal and anti-inflammatory agent.
{"title":"Antifungal activity screening and HPLC analysis of crude extract from Tectona grandis, Shilajit, Valeriana wallachi.","authors":"Shalini, R. Srivastava","doi":"10.5580/2390","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5580/2390","url":null,"abstract":"The antifungal activity of methanolic crude extract of Tectona grandis, Shilajit, Valeriana wallachi was investigated against Alternaria cajani, Curvularia lunata, Fusarium sp., Bipolaris sp. and Helminthosporium sp. at different concentrations (1000, 2000, 3000, 4000 and 5000 �og/ml). Better antifungal activity was observed with the extracts of Valeriana wallachi, that showed excellent inhibitory activity against Helminthosporium sp. (96.15%) followed by Shilajit extract against Alternaria cajani (95.12 %) and Helminthosporium sp. (95.00 %) at concentration of 5000 �og/ml. Among different fungi tested Bipolaris sp. and Fusarium were found to be more sensitive to crude extract when compared to others. The increase in the production of phenolics in the extract can be correlated with the induction of resistance in treated plants against phytopathogenic fungi. HPLC analysis of the crude extract of medicinal plants showed four different Phenolic acids (Tannic acid, Gallic acid, Ferulic acid and Caffeic acid). The results of the study provide scientific basis for the use of the plant extract in the future development as antioxidant, antibacterial, antifungal and anti-inflammatory agent.","PeriodicalId":11566,"journal":{"name":"Electronic journal of environmental, agricultural and food chemistry","volume":"98 1","pages":"218-229"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81271754","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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