A review on bioactive porous metallic biomaterials

K. Mediaswanti, C. Wen, E. Ivanova, C. Berndt, F. Malherbe, Vy T Pham, James Wang
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引用次数: 42

Abstract

Porous metallic biomaterials have been extensively studied for many bone tissue engineering applications because porous structures provided space for bone in-growth and vascularisation. Improvement on mechanical properties also leads to the increased popularity of porous materials for bone substitute applications, especially for load-bearing implants. However, they usually lack sufficient osseointegration for implant longevity. In addition, their biocompatibility is also an important concern in these applications due to adverse reactions of metallic ions with the surrounding tissues after these metallic ions are released from the implant surfaces. One consideration to accelerate the healing process is surface treatment, including application of bioactive coatings, e.g. hydroxyapatite and biomimetic creation of surface. Surface treatments on biomaterials will determine surface chemistry and topography, whereas these surface characteristics influence osseointegration process. To respond on the challenges of producing biocompatible and mechanical compatible biomaterials and lack of review studies on surface modifications on porous structures, a comprehensive literature review on surface modifications of various porous metallic materials is presented. This review covers various methods of surface treatment such as biomimetic, electrodeposition, alkali heat treatment, anodization and their effects on mechanical and structural properties which then provided insights into bone implants improvement studies. Biological responses (in vitro and In vivo) of porous material after surface treatment are thoroughly discussed.
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生物活性多孔金属生物材料的研究进展
多孔金属生物材料在骨组织工程中得到了广泛的研究,因为多孔结构为骨生长和血管化提供了空间。机械性能的提高也导致多孔材料在骨替代物中的应用日益普及,特别是在承重植入物中。然而,它们通常缺乏足够的骨整合来延长种植体的寿命。此外,由于金属离子从植入物表面释放后与周围组织的不良反应,它们的生物相容性也是这些应用中的一个重要问题。加速愈合过程的一个考虑因素是表面处理,包括生物活性涂层的应用,例如羟基磷灰石和仿生表面的创造。生物材料的表面处理将决定表面化学和形貌,而这些表面特征影响骨整合过程。针对制备生物相容性和机械相容性生物材料所面临的挑战,以及多孔结构表面修饰研究的综述性不足,本文对各种多孔金属材料的表面修饰进行了综述。本文综述了各种表面处理方法,如仿生、电沉积、碱热处理、阳极氧化及其对骨植入物力学和结构性能的影响,为骨植入物的改进研究提供了见解。深入讨论了多孔材料表面处理后的生物反应(体内和体外)。
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