Zapalenie przyzębia u kobiet ciężarnych z cukrzycą i jego kliniczne implikacje – problem wielodyscyplinarny. Przegląd piśmiennictwa

Abstract

Periodontitis is a multifactorial bacterial infection that causes destruction of tissues surrounding the tooth. Its relationship with numerous systemic diseases was confirmed in vast studies. Concerns of maternal and fetus wellness are raised by gestational diabetes mellitus and prepregnancy diabetes causing need for regular periodontal control. The paper is a review of available literature published in medical databases (PubMed, EMBASE, MEDLINE) and in Polish dental journals in the years 1999-2018. Diabetes is one of the risk factors for periodontitis occurrence and its exacerbation. In pregnant women there may be an exacerbation of the already existing periodontal disease. Periodontitis in pregnant patients with diabetes is associated with the risk of many complications for both the mother and the fetus. Pregnant women with diabetes should be under constant control of a gynecologist, diabetologist and dentist. Periodontal care in such patients should focus on rapid diagnostics of periodontal diseases and the implementation of appropriate treatment. Future mothers should be educated that oral health can affect pregnancy, childbirth and the health condition of mother and the child.