Finite Element Analysis of a Temporomandibular Joint Implant

Abstract

Temporomandibular joint (TMJ) is a synovial joint that allows for movement of the jaw in relation to the skull. TMJs are located on both sides of the face, one on either side. It aids in performing of activities such as eating. TMJ disorder may sometime require an implant to replace this joint. Excessive stress on certain screws and implants may adversely affect the TMJ implant and may lead to breakage and requirement of replacement. Therefore, to predict stresses in the implant, finite element analysis (FEA) has been used in this study. We have simulated a human bite by applying force to the teeth and allowing the condyle to rotate and translate over the fossa with the restrictions on the rigid body motions coming from flexible muscles which are modelled as axial connector elements. This method is novel because it eliminates the need to collect data on muscle forces in order to simulate the TMJ as was done conventionally. Each individual mandibular tooth can be loaded in this simulation. Because of the reduced amount of restriction placed on the TMJ implant, it is possible to better understand the true stresses that will be generated under the routine movement of the jaw.