Outcomes following facilitated ankylosis to treat septic arthritis of the distal interphalangeal joint in beef bulls

Abstract

Facilitated ankylosis (FA) is a procedure performed to treat septic arthritis of the distal interphalangeal joint (DIPJ) in ruminants. The aim of this procedure is to restore function to the affected digit, providing improved long-term positive outcome. This study describes the outcome of FA in 22 client-owned midwestern beef breeding bulls due to DIPJ sepsis between January 1, 2006 and July 31, 2018. Follow up information was obtained by telephone questionnaire. Signalment, treatment history, diagnostic data, surgical data, postoperative treatment and complications, and long-term outcomes were recorded and described. Of the 22 beef bulls that underwent a FA, follow-up information was provided for 19. Fourteen of the 19 bulls were successfully used as breeders post-operatively. Increased age and weight were positively correlated with successful breeding long term. Forelimb vs hindlimb disease and laterality of digit affected did not significantly affect outcome. Overall, client satisfaction was high. In conclusion, beef bulls undergoing a FA of the DIPJ have a good prognosis for long-term breeding regardless of history and clinical presentation. FA should be considered for treatment of septic arthritis in beef bulls.