Development of an Input Interface Using Ocular Potential for Handicapped Users of Health Care Supporting Computer

F. Mizuno, A. Harada, T. Yamaguchi
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Abstract

Numerous attempts to adapt multimedia communication to medical care have been reported recently. It is our view that spiritual support is more important in medical care, while so-called high technology may be necessary for medical practice. Therefore, we proposed the concept of the Hyper Hospital [1–3], to offer patients a means of effective human communication during medical care. The Hyper Hospital is a medical system constructed on a computer and multimedia based-network, which patients use to participate in medical and care activities through improved communication media. It is sometimes difficult for physically handicapped patients, such as PMD (progressive muscular dystrophy), ALS (amyotrophic lateral sclerosis), and traumatic cervical injury patients, to operate a computer, because of their disabilities. Therefore, there is a serious digital divide between physically disabled patients and healthy people. To remedy this, various communication devices, such as those using winking, eye gaze, voice, and electrical biological signals (event-related potential [4–5], electrooculogram, etc.) have been proposed and tested. These are designed to enable seriously handicapped patients to use a computer without using the usual mechanical input devices, such as a keyboard, mouse, or joystick. Although an EEG (electroencephalogram) offers one source of such potential electrical biological signals, it produces a very weak electrical signal that contaminating noise makes difficult to process. On the other hand, the ocular potential generated by the dipolar potential of the eyeball has a much larger gain in potential than the EEG. Moreover, the ocular potential can be easily controlled by the user, and eye-movement ability remains largely intact, even after neurological diseases progress to a very advanced stage. Therefore, this report studied the development of an input interface for computers using an electrooculogram.
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医疗辅助电脑残障使用者眼电位输入介面之开发
最近报道了许多将多媒体通信应用于医疗保健的尝试。我们认为精神支持在医疗中更重要,而所谓的高科技可能是医疗实践所必需的。因此,我们提出了Hyper Hospital的概念[1-3],为患者在医疗过程中提供一种有效的人际沟通手段。超级医院是建立在计算机和多媒体网络上的医疗系统,患者通过改进的通信媒体参与医疗和护理活动。身体残疾的患者,如进行性肌肉萎缩症(PMD)、肌萎缩性侧索硬化症(ALS)、外伤性颈椎损伤患者,由于残疾,有时很难操作电脑。因此,在身体残疾患者和健康人之间存在着严重的数字鸿沟。为了解决这个问题,人们提出并测试了各种通信设备,例如使用眨眼、眼睛凝视、声音和生物电信号(事件相关电位[4-5]、眼电图等)的通信设备。这些设计是为了让严重残疾的病人不用通常的机械输入设备,如键盘、鼠标或操纵杆就能使用电脑。虽然脑电图(EEG)提供了这种潜在的生物电信号的一个来源,但它产生的电信号非常微弱,污染噪音使其难以处理。另一方面,眼球偶极电位产生的眼电位比脑电图的电位增益大得多。此外,眼电位可以很容易地被使用者控制,即使在神经系统疾病进展到非常晚期时,眼动能力也基本保持不变。因此,本报告研究了使用眼电图的计算机输入接口的开发。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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