Clinical analysis on 33 cases of eosinophilic pulmonary disease

Abstract

Objective To summarize the experience of diagnosis and treatment of eosinophilic lung disease (ELD), and to improve the diagnosis and treatment of such diseases. Methods Retrospective analysis was performed on clinical data from 33 patients with ELD diagnosed and hospitalized in the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University from January 2016 to January 2019, including medical history, course of disease, clinical manifestations, laboratory examination, imaging examination, and pathological results, diagnosis and treatment and prognosis. Results Among the 33 patients with ELD, 19 patients were males and 14 patients were females, with an average age of (41.30±14.26)years. There were 20 cases of allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis (ABPA), 8 cases of chronic eosinophilic pneumonia (CEP), and 5 cases of eosinophilic granulomatous polyangiitis (EGPA) among the 33 ELD patients. Thirty-three patients all underwent peripheral blood determination, and peripheral blood eosinophils (EOS) increased in 27 patients. Twenty-eight patients underwent serum total immunoglobulin E(IgE) determination, and 25 patients of them had elevated serum total IgE. Twenty-six patients underwent pulmonary function tests, and 18 of them had pulmonary dysfunction, and 8 patients had diffuse dysfunction. Thoracic computed tomography showed mainly infiltration in the lungs, with patchy, strip-like, clump-like, and ground-glass-like high-density shadows in the lungs. Pathological examination of lung tissue showed eosinophil infiltration. Glucocorticoid alone or in combination with other drugs is effective in the treatment of ELD. Conclusions ELD has a variety of clinical manifestations, for which resaon the disease could be misdiagnosed easily. Its diagnosis mainly depends on clinical manifestations, laboratory tests, imaging examinations. And lung histopathology should be performed for diagnosis if necessary. Glucocorticoid is the basic drug for ELD treatment. Key words: Eosinophilic lung disease; Eosinophil; Lung tissue biopsy; Glucocorticoid