Evaluation of c-reactive protein level, antioxidant and acetylcholinesterase enzyme activities among snuff users

Abstract

The use of snuff in Nigeria especially in the North has increased alarmingly. It is no longer considered a health risk nor is it seen as morally questionable. This research was designed to investigate the effect of snuff on antioxidant activities and cognitive function on human participants. A total of 200 volunteers were divided into 4 groups based on their periods of exposure to snuff; the Control. Group 1 (1-3 years), Group 2 (3-5 years) and Group 3 (5 years and above). All these groups consist of 50 participants each. The groups were all tested for BP and Glucose levels using standard procedure before and after they were administered snuff. Blood samples were then collected. Assessments of SOD, GPx, CAT, MDA, AChE and C-reactive protein were carried out using standard methods. The result revealed a significant decrease in SOD, GPx and CAT activities and a decrease in MDA level among snuff users compared to the control. An increase in AChE activity and in C-reactive protein level were also recorded. These findings suggest that nicotine in snuff may induce oxidative stress and inflammation, and rapid degradation of acetylcholine.