Quantifying Hyperbole: Explicit Estimates of Exaggerated Utterances

IF 0.5 Q3 LINGUISTICS Psycholinguistics Pub Date : 2023-03-29 DOI:10.31470/2309-1797-2023-33-1-167-189
Brittany A. Harman, Hennessy Strine
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Abstract

Purpose. People are exposed to exaggeration in some form every day. They must comprehend and interpret the hyperbole, or conversational overstatement, to which they are exposed. Research suggests that people cognitively correct hyperbolic utterances using information retrieved from memory to generate estimates of what really occurred in the situation or event and the sampling of memory traces during the interpretation of utterances is influenced by the form and contextual elements of the utterance. Methods. In three experiments, participants were presented with texts containing information described in a literal or hyperbolic manner (e.g., “I caught a fish” vs. “I caught a fish the size of a whale”) and asked for explicit estimates of value (e.g., number, size, duration). The form (Experiment 1), context (Experiment 2), and speaker (Experiment 3) of an utterance were all predicted to influence the estimates that people generated. Results. It was found that the presence of hyperbole, as well as information about the context and speaker, had a reliable impact on participants’ quantitative estimates. Conclusions. The form, context, and speaker of an utterance all appear to influence the estimates that people generated. Such results are consistent with the notion that people cognitively correct hyperbolic utterances using information retrieved from memory to generate estimates about what really happens in the situation or event. Future research should be aimed at designing experiments that can investigate these memory traces more directly.
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量化夸张:对夸张话语的明确估计
目的。人们每天都会接触到某种形式的夸张。他们必须理解和解释他们所接触到的夸张或对话中的夸张。研究表明,人们利用从记忆中提取的信息来对情境或事件中真实发生的事情进行估计,从而在认知上纠正双曲话语,而在解释话语过程中对记忆痕迹的采样受到话语形式和语境因素的影响。方法。在三个实验中,研究人员向参与者展示了包含以字面或夸张方式描述的信息的文本(例如,“我钓到了一条鱼”与“我钓到了一条鲸鱼大小的鱼”),并要求他们对价值进行明确的估计(例如,数量、大小、持续时间)。话语的形式(实验1)、语境(实验2)和说话人(实验3)都被预测会影响人们产生的估计。结果。研究发现,夸张的存在,以及关于语境和说话者的信息,对参与者的定量估计有可靠的影响。结论。话语的形式、语境和说话人似乎都会影响人们产生的估计。这一结果与人们利用从记忆中获取的信息来对情境或事件中真正发生的事情做出估计,从而在认知上纠正双曲话语的观点是一致的。未来的研究应该着眼于设计能够更直接地调查这些记忆痕迹的实验。
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来源期刊
Psycholinguistics
Psycholinguistics LINGUISTICS-
CiteScore
1.00
自引率
0.00%
发文量
18
审稿时长
20 weeks
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