Awareness of the population in Russian Federation about iodine deficiency, its effects and methods for prevention of iodine deficiency disorders.

Petr A. Terekhov, A. Rybakova, M. A. Terekhova, E. Troshina
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引用次数: 5

Abstract

Background: Throughout all territory of Russian Federation has been confirmed absence of iodine deficiency of varying severity. Chronic iodine deficiency leads to irreversible defects in the intellectual and physical development of children, thyroid gland diseases, including such severe manifestations as functional autonomy and iodine-induced thyrotoxicosis and reproductive disorders. Aims: To assess the awareness of Russians about the effect of iodine deficiency on health and the need to use iodized salt in food. Materials and methods: During November 2019 we conducted an anonymous online survey about iodine deficiency and methods of its prevention. The participants of this survey were 9309 Russians of different age categories. We asked each respondent six questions regarding their knowledge about the importance of iodine for the body and its supply sources. This study is one-staged, uncontrolled, full-designed, and conducted using “Google Forms” (Google LLC, 2019). As a result, we summarized data on the awareness of Russians about iodine deficiency disorders and methods for its prevention. Results: 60.4% of respondents is using iodized salt, while the number of respondents who consider prevention with iodized salt to be unhealthy (or have lack knowledge of its effects) is related to the number of respondents who do not use iodized salt. We get that in Volga region only 50% of population is using iodized salt (the lowest level), while 62.83% of the European South inhabitants is using iodized salt. In the rest of Russian Federation, this indicator varies from 52 to 57%. There is a low awareness of the population about prevention of iodine deficiency disorders and as a result myth about the dangers of universal salt iodization are widespread in Russian Federation. Conclusions: Awareness of Russians about prevention of iodine deficiency disorders still remains at a low level, and it is directly affecting the success of ongoing prevention programs.
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俄罗斯联邦人口对缺碘的认识、缺碘的影响和预防缺碘症的方法。
背景:在俄罗斯联邦的所有领土已被证实没有不同程度的碘缺乏症。慢性碘缺乏导致儿童智力和身体发育出现不可逆转的缺陷、甲状腺疾病,包括功能自主和碘引起的甲状腺毒症等严重表现以及生殖障碍。目的:评估俄罗斯人对缺碘对健康的影响以及在食物中使用加碘盐的必要性的认识。材料和方法:2019年11月,我们进行了一项关于碘缺乏症及其预防方法的匿名在线调查。本次调查的参与者是9309名不同年龄段的俄罗斯人。我们就碘对人体的重要性及其供应来源向每位受访者提出了六个问题。这项研究是一阶段的,不受控制的,完整设计的,并使用“谷歌表单”进行的(谷歌LLC, 2019)。因此,我们总结了俄罗斯人对碘缺乏症的认识和预防方法的数据。结果:60.4%的应答者正在使用加碘盐,而认为用加碘盐预防不健康(或对其影响缺乏了解)的应答者人数与不使用加碘盐的应答者人数相关。我们得到伏尔加地区只有50%的人口在使用加碘盐(最低水平),而欧洲南部的62.83%的居民在使用加碘盐。在俄罗斯联邦其他地区,这一指标从52%到57%不等。人们对预防缺碘症的认识很低,因此在俄罗斯联邦普遍存在关于食盐加碘危险的误解。结论:俄罗斯人对预防碘缺乏症的认识仍然很低,这直接影响了正在进行的预防项目的成功。
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