{"title":"ASSESSMENT OF THE QUADRUPLE INJECTION STRATEGY OVER TRIPLE INJECTIONS TO IMPROVE EMISSIONS, PERFORMANCE AND NOISE OF THE AUTOMOTIVE DIESEL ENGINE","authors":"S. Biswas, A. Mukhopadhyay","doi":"10.22190/fume210329049b","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"The present study aims at investigating effectiveness of the quadruple (early-pilot-main-after [epMa]) injection strategy over three different triple [early-main-after (eMa), early-pilot-main (epM) and pilot-main-after (pMa)] injection scheduling in terms of emissions, performance [brake specific fuel consumption (BSFC), torque, brake thermal efficiency (BTE) and fuel economy] and noise. The experimentation was carried out on a heavy-duty BS-IV diesel engine with 45% EGR fraction and fixed main injection (Crank-angle) scheduling at eight different RPMs and three loads of engine (20%, 60% and 100%) using design of experiments(DOE). This comprehensive study showed that the quadruple injection strategy provides optimum results in both performance and emissions compared to the promising three triple injection strategy. The quadruple injection strategy exhibits the best BTE at all operating conditions and best BSFC at medium to high-speed zone around 0.5–1% inline to reduce combustion noise (CN) level, especially at low speeds and low to medium load of 0.2–2.2 dBA. Among triple injections, the pMa shows the best performance in BSFC, BTE, smoke and THC emissions. The epM is the best in the CO emissions and torque performance in the low-speed zone. Smoke value is marginally higher for the epMa at low to medium speed than the pMa, although average smoke emissions were the best. Taken together, the overall PM emission level was marginally better than Triple Injections, due to the impact of double pilots in combination with post-injection. In addition, NOx emissions were improved (around 3–6%) significantly with quadruple than with triple injections. The epMa injection scheduling also showed improvement in constant speed fuel economy and in pass-by-noise at the vehicle.","PeriodicalId":51338,"journal":{"name":"Facta Universitatis-Series Mechanical Engineering","volume":"27 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":10.1000,"publicationDate":"2022-07-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"1","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Facta Universitatis-Series Mechanical Engineering","FirstCategoryId":"5","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.22190/fume210329049b","RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"ENGINEERING, MECHANICAL","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Abstract
The present study aims at investigating effectiveness of the quadruple (early-pilot-main-after [epMa]) injection strategy over three different triple [early-main-after (eMa), early-pilot-main (epM) and pilot-main-after (pMa)] injection scheduling in terms of emissions, performance [brake specific fuel consumption (BSFC), torque, brake thermal efficiency (BTE) and fuel economy] and noise. The experimentation was carried out on a heavy-duty BS-IV diesel engine with 45% EGR fraction and fixed main injection (Crank-angle) scheduling at eight different RPMs and three loads of engine (20%, 60% and 100%) using design of experiments(DOE). This comprehensive study showed that the quadruple injection strategy provides optimum results in both performance and emissions compared to the promising three triple injection strategy. The quadruple injection strategy exhibits the best BTE at all operating conditions and best BSFC at medium to high-speed zone around 0.5–1% inline to reduce combustion noise (CN) level, especially at low speeds and low to medium load of 0.2–2.2 dBA. Among triple injections, the pMa shows the best performance in BSFC, BTE, smoke and THC emissions. The epM is the best in the CO emissions and torque performance in the low-speed zone. Smoke value is marginally higher for the epMa at low to medium speed than the pMa, although average smoke emissions were the best. Taken together, the overall PM emission level was marginally better than Triple Injections, due to the impact of double pilots in combination with post-injection. In addition, NOx emissions were improved (around 3–6%) significantly with quadruple than with triple injections. The epMa injection scheduling also showed improvement in constant speed fuel economy and in pass-by-noise at the vehicle.
本研究旨在通过三种不同的三种[早期主-后(eMa)、早期主-后(epM)和早期主-后(pMa)]喷射计划，研究四重(早期先导-主-后)喷射策略在排放、性能(制动比油耗(BSFC)、扭矩、制动热效率(BTE)和燃油经济性)和噪音方面的有效性。实验采用DOE设计(design of experiments, DOE)，在EGR分数为45%、主喷射(曲柄角)调度固定的重型BS-IV柴油机上，在8种不同转速、20%、60%和100%发动机负荷下进行。这项综合研究表明，与前景看好的三次三次喷射策略相比，四次喷射策略在性能和排放方面都具有最佳效果。四缸喷射策略在所有工况下都表现出最佳的BTE，在中高速区域的最佳BSFC约为0.5-1%，以降低燃烧噪声(CN)水平，特别是在低速和0.2-2.2 dBA的中低负荷下。在三次注入中，pMa在BSFC、BTE、smoke和THC排放方面表现最佳。epM在低速区CO排放和扭矩性能最好。低至中速时，epMa的烟雾值略高于pMa，尽管平均烟雾排放量最好。综上所述，由于双重驾驶员和后注射的影响，总体PM排放水平略好于三重注射。此外，与三次注入相比，四次注入能显著改善氮氧化物排放量(约3-6%)。epMa喷射调度也显示出等速燃油经济性和车辆通过噪声的改善。
期刊介绍：
Facta Universitatis, Series: Mechanical Engineering (FU Mech Eng) is an open-access, peer-reviewed international journal published by the University of Niš in the Republic of Serbia. It publishes high-quality, refereed papers three times a year, encompassing original theoretical and/or practice-oriented research as well as extended versions of previously published conference papers. The journal's scope covers the entire spectrum of Mechanical Engineering. Papers undergo rigorous peer review to ensure originality, relevance, and readability, maintaining high publication standards while offering a timely, comprehensive, and balanced review process.
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