In Silco Screening of Parkia biglobosa Fatty Acids as Inhibitors of Α-Glucosidase, Aldehyde Reductase (ALR1) and Aldose Reductase (ALR2) Enzymes

Abstract

Diabetes mellitus is a world health problem with high mortality and morbidity due to the complications; as a result of increased level of glucose concentration. The search for new antidiabetic drugs from natural products has been on increase. Though discovery of drug is time consuming with numerous challenges, therefore, in silico screening is now being used for the preclinical search and development of drugs within limited time. In this study, fatty acids determined from P. biglobosa seeds were screened in silico via molecular docking against α-glucosidase, ALR1 and ALR2 enzymes linked to type 2 diabetes mellitus complications using AutoDock Vina. These enzymes play different roles in glucose metabolism and associated to diabetes complications development. The results obtained from the docking studies revealed that docked ligands (fatty acid) bind firmly to the enzymes with the binding energy in the range of -4.12 Kcal mol-1 to -13.61 Kcal mol-1. Inhibition constant obtained for α-glucosidase was in micromolar and nanomolar for both ALR1 and ALR2 enzymes. Docking analysis showed different orientations of the ligands inside the active pocket of the enzymes, of all the ligands, linoleic acid forms perfect orientation with different amino acid residues of all the enzymes via hydrogen bonding formation when compared to the rest of fatty acids.