Evaluation of the prevalence, prenatal risk factors & clinical profiles of Paediatric Patients with congenital heart disease

Iqbal Mohammed Ansari, J. Ambhore
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Abstract

Introduction: Congenital Heart Diseases (CHD’s) are amongst the major congenital malformations contributing to infant mortality. Most CHDs are diagnosed in infancy. Later, in childhood or adolescence, CHD patients may present differently. Objectives: To evaluate the prevalence, maternal risk factors and clinical profile of all children with CHD at a tertiary care centre in Bhopal. Materials and Methods: This prospective, observational study was conducted at a tertiary care centre in Bhopal from Feb 2018 to Feb 2020. Approval from the ethical committee was obtained prior to the commencement of the study. Children up to 13 years of age, admitted with the features of CHD for the first time in out institution, were included in this study. A detailed history and clinical examination were carried out and a diagnosis of CHD was confirmed with 2D Echocardiography. Results: A total of 224 patients were admitted with the features of CHD for the first time during the study period. In our study, the commonest lesion was VSD (29.01%) followed by ASD (14.73%), PDA (12.5%), and TOF (9.37%). Among the clinical presentation, fast breathing (90.17%) was the most common symptom. Conclusion: In our study, VSD was found to be the most common acynaotic CHD and TOF was the most common cynotic CHD. The most common presenting feature was breathing difficulty. In order to improve prenatal detection of CHD’s, it is imperative to have a deep understanding of maternal risk factors.
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儿童先天性心脏病患病率、产前危险因素及临床概况的评价
简介:先天性心脏病(CHD 's)是导致婴儿死亡的主要先天性畸形之一。大多数冠心病是在婴儿期被诊断出来的。后来,在儿童或青少年时期,冠心病患者的表现可能有所不同。目的:评估博帕尔三级保健中心所有冠心病儿童的患病率、产妇危险因素和临床概况。材料和方法:这项前瞻性观察性研究于2018年2月至2020年2月在博帕尔的一家三级保健中心进行。在研究开始前获得了伦理委员会的批准。本研究纳入了13岁以下的儿童,这些儿童是我们机构首次收治的具有冠心病特征的儿童。详细的病史和临床检查,并通过二维超声心动图确诊冠心病。结果:研究期间首次就诊的冠心病患者共224例。在我们的研究中,最常见的病变是VSD(29.01%),其次是ASD(14.73%)、PDA(12.5%)和TOF(9.37%)。在临床表现中,以呼吸急促(90.17%)最为常见。结论:在我们的研究中,VSD是最常见的无瓣膜性冠心病,TOF是最常见的无瓣膜性冠心病。最常见的症状是呼吸困难。为了提高产前对冠心病的检测,深入了解产妇的危险因素是十分必要的。
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