Analysis of Contamination of Soil by Sensor Monitoring Systems: A Green Technology

Abstract

The soil is a significant element of the landscape because it affects the crops, distribution of natural vegetation and human settlements across the landscape. Soil contains organic matter, liquids, gases as well as numerous microbes. Soil quality monitoring plays the most important role in sustainable crop production. Monitoring of soil using traditional methods requires many tests to be conducted in order to predict the soil quality. Soil testing entails the analysis of a soil sample from a specific land that includes estimation of pH, electrical conductivity for moisture content, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium (NPK) level, temperature, etc. There are many challenges for direct monitoring of soil quality in terms of its chemical, biological and physical characteristics. However, with the advancement in sensor technology, certain sensors for soil quality monitoring have been developed and commercially available too. In this paper, the design and development of available sensor monitoring system for remote monitoring quality of soil has been reviewed. The objective is to explore the different kinds of sensors systems that can be used for predicting soil quality. Internet of Things (IoT) based sensors are efficient, and provide quick results with lesser resources.