The Didactic Function of the Autobiographical Story (On the Dialect Material)

IF 0.1 0 HUMANITIES, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Tekst Kniga Knigoizdanie-Text Book Publishing Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI:10.17223/23062061/25/3
S. V. Voloshina
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Abstract

The aim of the article is to identify the means of linguistic expression of the di-dactic function and the factors of this function’s implementation in dialectal autobio-graphical stories. The material of the research is 120 oral autobiographical stories, which were recorded in Tomsk Oblast from the 1960s to 2018 during dialectological expeditions. The source of the material is the texts of the Tomsk dialect corpus (http://losl.tsu.ru/?q=corpus), as well as audio recordings of dialect speech, made by the author of the article during the expeditions in villages Pervomayskoe, Pervomayskiy District of Tomsk Oblast, in 2008, and Melnikovo, Shegarskiy District of Tomsk Ob-last, in 2017–2019. The didactic function is understood as the ability of autobiographical stories, in a broad sense, to be a tool of training, education, transfer of important knowledge about the world, accompanied by the desire of the stories’ authors to teach interlocutors, to explain something to them, to give advice. The author of the article identified the factors of implementing the didactic function in the autobio-graphical story. Among them are: 1) the specificity of dialect discourse: it is focused on tradition, its preservation and translation; 2) the genre of the material: since autobio-graphical texts have a retrospective orientation, informants, reporting on their lives, give an example, a model for the interlocutor to follow, or, vice versa, to avoid errors in life, not to repeat them; 3) the communicative situation and its components: first of all, these are participants of communication – a dialectologist and an informant; they be-long to different types of culture, and informants therefore strengthen the interpretive element in their stories, explaining what a word means, where and how an object is used, etc. As a rule, informants are older, so they give recommendations to dialectolo-gists, teach them: Now, girls, you live in a good century. It is just necessary to work, just to work. To learn, to work, and then all will be well. So, girls, live, take care of your life. Take care of life. The theme, time and space of communication were also identified among the components of the communicative situation. All these factors take part in the representation of the didactic function. It is determined that didacticism can be expressed in the speech genres of advice, explanation, and culinary recipe. The di-dactic function is represented by imperative statements, words of the category of state, statements reflecting informants’ values and ideas about ethical and moral categories, by infinitive constructions, statements with verbs in the form of abstract present or fu-ture tenses, lexemes expressing moral values. It has been determined that the didacti-cism of autobiographical texts is associated with the self-reflection of informants about their lives and, more broadly, with the analysis of generational experience.
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自传体小说的教学功能(论方言素材)
本文旨在探讨方言自传体小说中话语功能的语言表达方式及话语功能实现的因素。该研究的材料是20世纪60年代至2018年在托木斯克州方言考察期间记录的120个口述自传体故事。材料的来源是托木斯克方言语料库(http://losl.tsu.ru/?q=corpus)的文本,以及本文作者2008年在托木斯克州Pervomayskoe村和2017-2019年在托木斯克州谢加斯基区Melnikovo村探险时录制的方言演讲录音。说教功能被理解为自传体故事的能力,从广义上讲,是一种训练,教育的工具,传递关于世界的重要知识,伴随着故事作者教导对话者的愿望,向他们解释一些事情,给出建议。本文探讨了在自传体小说中实施说教功能的因素。其中包括:1)方言话语的特殊性:注重传统、传统的保存和翻译;2)材料的类型:由于自传体文本具有回顾性取向,告密者在报道他们的生活时,为对话者提供了一个例子,一个榜样,以遵循,反之亦然,以避免生活中的错误,而不是重复它们;3)交际情境及其组成部分:首先,这些人是交际的参与者——辩证法者和信息者;他们属于不同类型的文化,因此告密者在他们的故事中加强了解释性因素,解释一个词的意思,一个物体在哪里以及如何使用,等等。一般来说,告密者年龄较大,所以他们会向方言学家提出建议,教导他们:姑娘们,你们生活在一个美好的世纪。工作是必要的,只是为了工作。去学习,去工作,然后一切都会好的。所以,姑娘们,好好生活,好好生活。爱护生命。在交际情境的构成要素中,还确定了交际的主题、时间和空间。所有这些因素都参与了教学功能的表现。这是确定的,说教可以表达在建议,解释和烹饪食谱的演讲体裁。指示功能主要表现在祈使句、状态类词语、反映告密者价值观和伦理道德观念的语句、不定式结构、抽象现在时或将来时形式的动词语句、表达道德价值观的词汇等方面。已经确定的是,自传体文本的说教主义与告密者对其生活的自我反思有关,更广泛地说,与代际经验的分析有关。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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Tekst Kniga Knigoizdanie-Text Book Publishing
Tekst Kniga Knigoizdanie-Text Book Publishing HUMANITIES, MULTIDISCIPLINARY-
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