Susceptibility and resistance pattern of bacterial isolates and development of antibiogram in a tertiary care hospital of western India

J. Vaghasiya
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引用次数: 1

Abstract

The main issue in India and at a global level that led to antibiotic resistance is misuse, irrational prescribing of antibiotics, and lack of sufficient data on antibiotic resistance at a local, regional, and national level to develop antibiotic policy that guides all healthcare professional while prescribing antibiotics. The present study was carried out for 12 months in a tertiary care teaching hospital in western India to develop an antibiogram and to check antimicrobial resistance trends in the hospital. Out of 500 patients, 53.6% were male and 46.4% were female patients. A total of 17 bacterial species were identified throughout the study with gram-negative species infections being most common in hospitals. Escherichia coli was the most frequently isolated gram-negative species. Ceftriaxone was most prescribed frequently followed by amoxicillin and azithromycin, respectively. In the gram-positive organism, ceftriaxone and amoxicillin resistance rate was 65.35% and 35% respectively. Overall, in the study Cceftriaxone (58%) and amoxicillin-clavulanic acid (38.9%), Azithromycin (56%), and ciprofloxacin (53%) were found most resistant antibiotics, and Amikacin (72%), Clindamycin (18%) were most sensitive. Gram-negative infections were identified mostly and cephalosporine and fluoroquinolones antibiotics were showing high antibiotic resistance. An institutional hospital antibiogram was developed to check local antimicrobial agents for various bacteria.
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印度西部一家三级医院细菌分离株的药敏和耐药模式及抗生素谱的发展
在印度和全球层面,导致抗生素耐药性的主要问题是滥用、不合理的抗生素处方,以及在地方、区域和国家层面缺乏足够的抗生素耐药性数据,无法制定指导所有卫生保健专业人员开抗生素处方的抗生素政策。本研究在印度西部的一家三级保健教学医院进行了为期12个月的研究,以编制抗生素图谱并检查该医院的抗微生物药物耐药性趋势。500例患者中,男性占53.6%,女性占46.4%。在整个研究过程中,共鉴定出17种细菌,其中革兰氏阴性细菌感染在医院中最常见。大肠杆菌是最常见的革兰氏阴性菌。最常用的处方是头孢曲松,其次分别是阿莫西林和阿奇霉素。革兰氏阳性菌头孢曲松和阿莫西林耐药率分别为65.35%和35%。总体而言,研究发现头孢曲松(58%)、阿莫西林-克拉维酸(38.9%)、阿奇霉素(56%)和环丙沙星(53%)是最耐药的抗生素,阿米卡星(72%)、克林霉素(18%)最敏感。革兰氏阴性感染居多,头孢菌素和氟喹诺酮类抗生素耐药较高。制定了机构医院抗生素图,以检查当地各种细菌的抗菌药物。
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