{"title":"Animal Agrocrime: An Overlooked Biological Threat.","authors":"Daniel Donachie, Fanny Ewann, Frédéric Poudevigne","doi":"10.1089/hs.2022.0144","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"The COVID-19 pandemic, suspected to have originated from spillover events, has significantly increased the visibility of biological threats, whether their origins are natural, accidental, or deliberate. The pandemic has also revealed vulnerabilities and gaps in emergency preparedness planning that were exploited by criminals during the crisis. However, how different would the pandemic have looked if it had been deliberately caused? In April 2020, the United Nations Secretary-General António Guterres warned that ‘‘the weaknesses and lack of preparedness exposed by this pandemic provide a window onto how a bioterrorist attack might unfold.’’ Imagine the chaos that would have unfolded—how would we have recognized the signs of a deliberate biological event affecting animals and humans, and how would we have taken a One Health approach to such an event? The COVID-19 pandemic response was led by the public health community, but we also saw strong contributions from veterinary and law enforcement professionals. Veterinary professionals contributed to public health epidemiological investigations, laboratory testing of human specimens for the virus, and experimental infection of animals to further scientific evidence surrounding the virus, while simultaneously trying to maintain their critical functions in safeguarding animal health, welfare, and veterinary public health. Law enforcement officials also played an important role in the pandemic by supporting efforts to control the disease and handle criminals who took advantage of the situation, for example, through fraudulent activity, cyberattacks, and counterfeit medical supplies and medicine. In many countries, law enforcement officials took on new or unfamiliar duties that exposed them to infected people, often with minimal guidance and preparedness. Public health, law enforcement, and veterinary professionals faced significant pressures during this natural disease outbreak. However, what would the expectations have been if they were asked to respond to a deliberate biological event targeting governments and the public through livestock? Crime and terrorism surrounding animal health are often overlooked threats but can have substantial impacts on animal health and welfare, public health, food security, food authenticity, and even national security. Animal diseases can affect the animal and animal product trade, and","PeriodicalId":12955,"journal":{"name":"Health Security","volume":" ","pages":"415-420"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1000,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10541920/pdf/","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Health Security","FirstCategoryId":"3","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1089/hs.2022.0144","RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"2023/8/1 0:00:00","PubModel":"Epub","JCR":"Q3","JCRName":"PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic, suspected to have originated from spillover events, has significantly increased the visibility of biological threats, whether their origins are natural, accidental, or deliberate. The pandemic has also revealed vulnerabilities and gaps in emergency preparedness planning that were exploited by criminals during the crisis. However, how different would the pandemic have looked if it had been deliberately caused? In April 2020, the United Nations Secretary-General António Guterres warned that ‘‘the weaknesses and lack of preparedness exposed by this pandemic provide a window onto how a bioterrorist attack might unfold.’’ Imagine the chaos that would have unfolded—how would we have recognized the signs of a deliberate biological event affecting animals and humans, and how would we have taken a One Health approach to such an event? The COVID-19 pandemic response was led by the public health community, but we also saw strong contributions from veterinary and law enforcement professionals. Veterinary professionals contributed to public health epidemiological investigations, laboratory testing of human specimens for the virus, and experimental infection of animals to further scientific evidence surrounding the virus, while simultaneously trying to maintain their critical functions in safeguarding animal health, welfare, and veterinary public health. Law enforcement officials also played an important role in the pandemic by supporting efforts to control the disease and handle criminals who took advantage of the situation, for example, through fraudulent activity, cyberattacks, and counterfeit medical supplies and medicine. In many countries, law enforcement officials took on new or unfamiliar duties that exposed them to infected people, often with minimal guidance and preparedness. Public health, law enforcement, and veterinary professionals faced significant pressures during this natural disease outbreak. However, what would the expectations have been if they were asked to respond to a deliberate biological event targeting governments and the public through livestock? Crime and terrorism surrounding animal health are often overlooked threats but can have substantial impacts on animal health and welfare, public health, food security, food authenticity, and even national security. Animal diseases can affect the animal and animal product trade, and
期刊介绍:
Health Security is a peer-reviewed journal providing research and essential guidance for the protection of people’s health before and after epidemics or disasters and for ensuring that communities are resilient to major challenges. The Journal explores the issues posed by disease outbreaks and epidemics; natural disasters; biological, chemical, and nuclear accidents or deliberate threats; foodborne outbreaks; and other health emergencies. It offers important insight into how to develop the systems needed to meet these challenges. Taking an interdisciplinary approach, Health Security covers research, innovations, methods, challenges, and ethical and legal dilemmas facing scientific, military, and health organizations. The Journal is a key resource for practitioners in these fields, policymakers, scientific experts, and government officials.