Provision of Clean Water in Remote Village / Islet through Solar Energy Application: Case of Indonesia

Provision of clean fresh water is a fatal need to ensure hygienically living environment for the residents in the remote areas in the world. Indonesia is one of the countries which own a lot of water resources in their territories but have moderate coverage in water basic services, and is chosen as a case for the study. Indonesia is composed of 16,056 islands / islets in its territory so that there are many coastal villages in the islets and additionally many remote villages in the inland of big islands, which have no well-treated water services such as tap water. In consideration of low population, poorly geographic accessibility, and lack of electricity in the remote areas, several candidates of current water treatment systems availably associated with solar energy applications are reviewed here.