特里·普拉切特的有趣时代作为政治讽刺的一个例子

Emrah Özbay
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摘要

讽刺是一种幽默的批评,是为了使社会远离现状而进行的,可以定义为几个世纪以来与文学交织在一起的传统。政治讽刺作为讽刺的重要组成部分,被认为是随着现代讽刺的发展而发展起来的,现代讽刺的特点是社会批判的突出。对政治和社会的批评通过文学文本传达给人们,这一事实在这一点上强调了文学的重要性。当批评是在一个幻想的世界中进行时,读者会更感兴趣,所传递的信息也会更清楚,因为读者将自己与作品隔离开来。读者有机会在不受现实世界的偏见、信仰和政治意识形态影响的情况下,对发生在幻想世界中的事件进行评价,这样,他们就可以从不同的角度,以批判的眼光看待与现实世界有关的问题。一提到讽刺文学和奇幻文学,人们首先想到的就是英国作家特里·普拉切特。普拉切特的《碟形世界》系列小说共41部,从字里行间可以看到他对社会、政治、环境、经济等方面的讽刺。在这项研究中,它的目的是研究作者的小说,有趣的时代,从碟形世界系列的政治讽刺。此外,在对小说进行这些分析的同时,还考虑了Feinberg提出的各种讽刺技巧,如意想不到的诚实,意想不到的事件和讽刺,以及作者的用词选择,并通过小说中的引文揭示了这些技巧在小说中的使用情况。
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TERRY PRATCHETT’S INTERESTING TIMES AS AN EXAMPLE OF POLITICAL SATIRE
Satire, which is a humorous criticism made to take the society further from its current location, can be defined as a tradition that has been intertwined with literature for centuries. Political satire, which is an important part of satire, is thought to have developed with modern satire, which is characterized by the prominence of social criticism. The fact that criticisms of politics and therefore society reach people through literary texts emphasizes the importance of literature at this point. When the criticism is made in a fantastic world, the readers can be more interested and the messages given can be understood much more clearly since the readers isolate themselves from the work. Readers have the opportunity to evaluate the events that take place in a fantasy world without being influenced by the prejudices, beliefs and political ideologies of our real world, and in this way, they can look at the issues related to our real world from a different perspective with a critical point of view. English writer Terry Pratchett is one of the first names that come to mind when satirical and fantasy literature are mentioned together. In Pratchett’s Discworld novels series, which consists of forty-one novels, it is possible to find his messages including his satires about society, politics, environment and economy between the lines of his novels. In this study, it is aimed to examine the political satire in the author’s novel, Interesting Times, selected from the Discworld series. Also, while making these analyses about the novel, various satirical techniques such as unexpected honesty, unexpected event and irony, suggested by Feinberg, and the author’s word choices were taken into consideration, and how these techniques were used in the novel were revealed with the quotations from the novel.
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