{"title":"卫生保健机构对面对狂犬病挑战的作用","authors":"Risqa Novita","doi":"10.22435/jpppk.v3i2.2005","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"Abstrak \nRabies di Indonesia telah berada sejak abad 18, namun hingga saat ini Indonesia belum bebas dari rabies. Hanya 8 provinsi di Indonesia yang bebas dari rabies yaitu DKI Jakarta, Jawa Tengah, Jawa Timur, Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta, Bangka Belitung, Kepulauan Riau, Papua, dan Papua Barat, padahal Indonesia ditargetkan bebas rabies pada tahun 2030. Rabies tidak dapat diobati karena disebabkan oleh virus Lyssa, hanya dapat dicegah melalui pendekatan One Health yaitu kesehatan manusia, kesehatan hewan, satwa liar dan kesehatan lingkungan. Upaya pencegahan itu adalah dengan pemberian vaksinasi rabies ke Hewan Pembawa Rabies (HPR) dan pemberian Post Exposure Prophylaxys (PEP) pada manusia yang tergigit oleh HPR. Pemberian PEP hanya dapat dilakukan di Rabies center atau fasilitas pelayanan kesehatan primer yang ditunjuk oleh pemerintah. Tulisan ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui peranan fasilitas pelayanan kesehatan untuk mengendalikan rabies yang sudah tersebar di 26 provinsi. Metode berupa review literatur yang dicari menggunakan kata kunci Pelayanan Kesehatan Primer, Post Exposure Prophylaxis dan Rabies di Indonesia. Hasil yang didapatkan adalah peran fasilitas pelayanan kesehatan dalam mengendalikan rabies pada manusia sangat penting, dalam hal tatalaksana pertama kali terhadap korban penyediaan Vaksin Anti Rabies (VAR) dan promosi kesehatan. Rabies dapat dicegah dengan perilaku hidup sehat, sehingga peran fasilitas pelayanan kesehatan yang ditunjuk sebagai Rabies center dapat mengoptimalkan promosi kesehatan melalui pemberian leaflet, edukasi rabies di sekolah-sekolah dasar, pemasangan spanduk rabies dan pemutaran video rabies di puskesmas atau rumah sakit di ruang tunggu pasien sehingga pasien dapat melihat dan mengetahui mengenai rabies dan pencegahannya. \nKata kunci: pelayanan kesehatan, post exposure prophylaxis, dan rabies center \nAbstract \nRabies has been in Indonesia since the 18th century, but until now Indonesia has not been free from rabies yet. Only 8 provinces in Indonesia are free from rabies, namely DKI Jakarta, Central of Java, East of Java, Jogyakarta, Bangka Belitung, The Riau Islands, Papua, and West Papua. Rabies could not be treated because it caused by the virus (named Lyssavirus), which only prevented by the approach of one health in human health, animal health and wildlife animals, and environmental health. Lyssa could be prevented by a rabies vaccine program to rabid animals and post-exposure prophylaxis (PPE) in humans who bitten by rabid animals. The provision of the PPE can only be done in Rabies center or primary health service facilities designated by the government. This writing aims to know the role of health service facilities in primary or public health centers to tackle rabies which has been spread in 26 provinces. A method of review literature that sought to use the keywords was Health services in primary, Post-exposure prophylaxis, and Rabies in Indonesia. Results were the role of health service facilities in the control of rabies in humans is very important, in terms of managing the provision of VAR and the promotion of health service. Rabies can be prevented with healthy patterns of living so that the role of health service facilities which was appointed for rabies center can optimize the promotion of health through the provision of leaflets, education in primary schools, setting banners rabies and screening of rabies in video health center or hospital patients in the waiting room so that the patient can see and know what rabies and it prevents. \nKeywords: health services, post-exposure prophylaxis, and rabies center","PeriodicalId":170797,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Penelitian dan Pengembangan Pelayanan Kesehatan","volume":"19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0000,"publicationDate":"2019-09-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"3","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Peran Fasilitas Pelayanan Kesehatan dalam Menghadapi Tantangan Rabies di Indonesia\",\"authors\":\"Risqa Novita\",\"doi\":\"10.22435/jpppk.v3i2.2005\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"Abstrak \\nRabies di Indonesia telah berada sejak abad 18, namun hingga saat ini Indonesia belum bebas dari rabies. Hanya 8 provinsi di Indonesia yang bebas dari rabies yaitu DKI Jakarta, Jawa Tengah, Jawa Timur, Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta, Bangka Belitung, Kepulauan Riau, Papua, dan Papua Barat, padahal Indonesia ditargetkan bebas rabies pada tahun 2030. Rabies tidak dapat diobati karena disebabkan oleh virus Lyssa, hanya dapat dicegah melalui pendekatan One Health yaitu kesehatan manusia, kesehatan hewan, satwa liar dan kesehatan lingkungan. Upaya pencegahan itu adalah dengan pemberian vaksinasi rabies ke Hewan Pembawa Rabies (HPR) dan pemberian Post Exposure Prophylaxys (PEP) pada manusia yang tergigit oleh HPR. Pemberian PEP hanya dapat dilakukan di Rabies center atau fasilitas pelayanan kesehatan primer yang ditunjuk oleh pemerintah. Tulisan ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui peranan fasilitas pelayanan kesehatan untuk mengendalikan rabies yang sudah tersebar di 26 provinsi. Metode berupa review literatur yang dicari menggunakan kata kunci Pelayanan Kesehatan Primer, Post Exposure Prophylaxis dan Rabies di Indonesia. Hasil yang didapatkan adalah peran fasilitas pelayanan kesehatan dalam mengendalikan rabies pada manusia sangat penting, dalam hal tatalaksana pertama kali terhadap korban penyediaan Vaksin Anti Rabies (VAR) dan promosi kesehatan. Rabies dapat dicegah dengan perilaku hidup sehat, sehingga peran fasilitas pelayanan kesehatan yang ditunjuk sebagai Rabies center dapat mengoptimalkan promosi kesehatan melalui pemberian leaflet, edukasi rabies di sekolah-sekolah dasar, pemasangan spanduk rabies dan pemutaran video rabies di puskesmas atau rumah sakit di ruang tunggu pasien sehingga pasien dapat melihat dan mengetahui mengenai rabies dan pencegahannya. \\nKata kunci: pelayanan kesehatan, post exposure prophylaxis, dan rabies center \\nAbstract \\nRabies has been in Indonesia since the 18th century, but until now Indonesia has not been free from rabies yet. Only 8 provinces in Indonesia are free from rabies, namely DKI Jakarta, Central of Java, East of Java, Jogyakarta, Bangka Belitung, The Riau Islands, Papua, and West Papua. Rabies could not be treated because it caused by the virus (named Lyssavirus), which only prevented by the approach of one health in human health, animal health and wildlife animals, and environmental health. Lyssa could be prevented by a rabies vaccine program to rabid animals and post-exposure prophylaxis (PPE) in humans who bitten by rabid animals. The provision of the PPE can only be done in Rabies center or primary health service facilities designated by the government. This writing aims to know the role of health service facilities in primary or public health centers to tackle rabies which has been spread in 26 provinces. A method of review literature that sought to use the keywords was Health services in primary, Post-exposure prophylaxis, and Rabies in Indonesia. Results were the role of health service facilities in the control of rabies in humans is very important, in terms of managing the provision of VAR and the promotion of health service. Rabies can be prevented with healthy patterns of living so that the role of health service facilities which was appointed for rabies center can optimize the promotion of health through the provision of leaflets, education in primary schools, setting banners rabies and screening of rabies in video health center or hospital patients in the waiting room so that the patient can see and know what rabies and it prevents. \\nKeywords: health services, post-exposure prophylaxis, and rabies center\",\"PeriodicalId\":170797,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Jurnal Penelitian dan Pengembangan Pelayanan Kesehatan\",\"volume\":\"19 1\",\"pages\":\"0\"},\"PeriodicalIF\":0.0000,\"publicationDate\":\"2019-09-06\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"\",\"citationCount\":\"3\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Jurnal Penelitian dan Pengembangan Pelayanan Kesehatan\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"1085\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://doi.org/10.22435/jpppk.v3i2.2005\",\"RegionNum\":0,\"RegionCategory\":null,\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"\",\"JCRName\":\"\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Jurnal Penelitian dan Pengembangan Pelayanan Kesehatan","FirstCategoryId":"1085","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.22435/jpppk.v3i2.2005","RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":null,"ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"","JCRName":"","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 3
摘要
印尼的狂犬病早在18世纪就存在了,但到目前为止印尼还没有没有狂犬病。印度尼西亚只有8个没有狂犬病的省份是雅加达、爪哇岛中部、爪哇东部、日惹、邦邦里通、廖内群岛、巴布亚和西巴布亚,而印度尼西亚在2030年是未患狂犬病的目标。狂犬病是由Lyssa病毒引起的,只能通过一种人类健康、动物健康、野生动物和环境健康的方法来预防。预防措施是将狂犬病疫苗接种给患狂犬病的动物(HPR),以及对被HPR咬伤的人类进行后探针预防措施。PEP只能在狂犬病中心或政府指定的初级医疗机构进行治疗。这篇文章的目的是了解卫生保健机构在控制26个省的狂犬病方面的作用。该方法包括使用印尼卫生保健、产前预防和狂犬病等关键字进行文献审查。其结果是,卫生保健机构在控制人类狂犬病方面所起的作用是至关重要的,这是第一次对接种抗狂犬病疫苗和促进健康的受害者采取行动。狂犬病是可以预防和健康的生活行为,所以被任命为狂犬病中心的医疗保健设施的角色可以优化健康促进学校教育通过传单的恩赐,狂犬病患有狂犬病和视频回放的安装基础,横幅狂犬病在诊所或医院的候诊室里病人就可以看到和了解患有狂犬病和经脉。关键词:卫生保健、发布预防措施和狂犬病中心狂犬病自18世纪以来一直在印尼,但直到现在印尼还没有免于狂犬病。印尼只有8个省没有狂犬病,namely DKI雅加达,Java的中部,Java的东部,Jogyakarta, kalbelitung, Riau Islands,巴布亚和西巴布亚。狂犬病不会因为它是由病毒引起的,它只会受到人类健康、动物健康和野生动物以及环境健康等一种健康的威胁。Lyssa可能会被狂躁的动物狂躁和后暴露的人类所预防。PPE的发行只能在官方指定的狂犬病中心或初级卫生服务机构内完成。这篇文章的目的是了解过去26个省中传播的狂犬病的初级或公共卫生中心的健康状况。关键字的复读方法是在印度尼西亚的初级、后暴露预防和狂犬病方面的健康服务。这些分析表明,在人类中,控制狂犬病的健康角色是非常重要的,在管理瓦尔的过程和促进健康服务的过程中。狂犬病可以健康无法一起生活的模式,所以那health service) facilities之角色,这是appointed为了狂犬病中心可以optimize《provision of leaflets institutes of health)通过景观,在初级教育,设置banners狂犬病》》和狂犬病在视频放映《等待房间卫生中心或医院病人所以《病人可以看到和知道什么它prevents狂犬病。关键词:健康服务,后暴露预防和狂犬病中心
Peran Fasilitas Pelayanan Kesehatan dalam Menghadapi Tantangan Rabies di Indonesia
Abstrak
Rabies di Indonesia telah berada sejak abad 18, namun hingga saat ini Indonesia belum bebas dari rabies. Hanya 8 provinsi di Indonesia yang bebas dari rabies yaitu DKI Jakarta, Jawa Tengah, Jawa Timur, Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta, Bangka Belitung, Kepulauan Riau, Papua, dan Papua Barat, padahal Indonesia ditargetkan bebas rabies pada tahun 2030. Rabies tidak dapat diobati karena disebabkan oleh virus Lyssa, hanya dapat dicegah melalui pendekatan One Health yaitu kesehatan manusia, kesehatan hewan, satwa liar dan kesehatan lingkungan. Upaya pencegahan itu adalah dengan pemberian vaksinasi rabies ke Hewan Pembawa Rabies (HPR) dan pemberian Post Exposure Prophylaxys (PEP) pada manusia yang tergigit oleh HPR. Pemberian PEP hanya dapat dilakukan di Rabies center atau fasilitas pelayanan kesehatan primer yang ditunjuk oleh pemerintah. Tulisan ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui peranan fasilitas pelayanan kesehatan untuk mengendalikan rabies yang sudah tersebar di 26 provinsi. Metode berupa review literatur yang dicari menggunakan kata kunci Pelayanan Kesehatan Primer, Post Exposure Prophylaxis dan Rabies di Indonesia. Hasil yang didapatkan adalah peran fasilitas pelayanan kesehatan dalam mengendalikan rabies pada manusia sangat penting, dalam hal tatalaksana pertama kali terhadap korban penyediaan Vaksin Anti Rabies (VAR) dan promosi kesehatan. Rabies dapat dicegah dengan perilaku hidup sehat, sehingga peran fasilitas pelayanan kesehatan yang ditunjuk sebagai Rabies center dapat mengoptimalkan promosi kesehatan melalui pemberian leaflet, edukasi rabies di sekolah-sekolah dasar, pemasangan spanduk rabies dan pemutaran video rabies di puskesmas atau rumah sakit di ruang tunggu pasien sehingga pasien dapat melihat dan mengetahui mengenai rabies dan pencegahannya.
Kata kunci: pelayanan kesehatan, post exposure prophylaxis, dan rabies center
Abstract
Rabies has been in Indonesia since the 18th century, but until now Indonesia has not been free from rabies yet. Only 8 provinces in Indonesia are free from rabies, namely DKI Jakarta, Central of Java, East of Java, Jogyakarta, Bangka Belitung, The Riau Islands, Papua, and West Papua. Rabies could not be treated because it caused by the virus (named Lyssavirus), which only prevented by the approach of one health in human health, animal health and wildlife animals, and environmental health. Lyssa could be prevented by a rabies vaccine program to rabid animals and post-exposure prophylaxis (PPE) in humans who bitten by rabid animals. The provision of the PPE can only be done in Rabies center or primary health service facilities designated by the government. This writing aims to know the role of health service facilities in primary or public health centers to tackle rabies which has been spread in 26 provinces. A method of review literature that sought to use the keywords was Health services in primary, Post-exposure prophylaxis, and Rabies in Indonesia. Results were the role of health service facilities in the control of rabies in humans is very important, in terms of managing the provision of VAR and the promotion of health service. Rabies can be prevented with healthy patterns of living so that the role of health service facilities which was appointed for rabies center can optimize the promotion of health through the provision of leaflets, education in primary schools, setting banners rabies and screening of rabies in video health center or hospital patients in the waiting room so that the patient can see and know what rabies and it prevents.
Keywords: health services, post-exposure prophylaxis, and rabies center