脑动脉瘤血管平滑肌细胞的三个阶段:早期高增殖、中期去分化和晚期低增殖

Vivig Shantha Kumar
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引用次数: 0

摘要

血管平滑肌在脑动脉瘤的生长和传播中起着至关重要的作用。这些高度动态的细胞具有高度的可塑性,在外部环境影响下表现出结构和功能上的变化。在持续的内皮损伤后,血管平滑肌获得了新的功能,其特征是促炎和促基质重塑能力,失去了正常的收缩和合成能力。分化的血管平滑肌细胞转变为未分化的炎性血管平滑肌细胞,并最终发生凋亡,减少了胶原蛋白的产生,胶原蛋白是结构基质的重要组成部分,使血管壁对周期性血流动力学压力波动的反应减弱,更容易发生动脉瘤扩张和破裂。本综述的目的是了解血管平滑肌细胞在脑动脉瘤形成的自然过程中所经历的结构和功能改变,并特别关注其分子机制
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Three Phases of Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells in Cerebral Aneurysms: Early Hyperproliferative, Intermediate Dedifferentiated & Late Hypoproliferative
Vascular smooth muscles play a vital role in the growth and propagation of cerebral aneurysms. These highly dynamic cells, characterized by a high degree of plasticity, show structural and functional modifications in response to external environmental influences. Following sustained endothelial injury, vascular smooth muscles avail a new functional capability characterized by proinflammatory, and promatrix remodeling abilities, losing the normal contractile and synthetic ability. Switching of differentiated vascular smooth muscle cells into undifferentiated inflammatory vascular smooth muscle cells followed by eventual apoptosis decreases the production of collagen, a vital component of the structural matrix, rendering the vessel wall less responsive to cyclical hemodynamic pressure swings and more susceptible to aneurysmal dilatation and rupture. The goal of this review is to understand the structural and functional modifications that vascular smooth muscle cells undergo during the natural course of cerebral aneurysm formation with a particular focus on the contributory molecular mechanisms
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