定居者宿命论的诗学:人类世对生态灭绝的回应

Philippa Henderson
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摘要

今天的思考不可能不考虑人类世。随着生物圈越来越接近枯竭、崩溃和/或根本不适宜居住的嬗变,同时也出现了努力表现和理解这个时代的工作爆炸。然而,人类世不应该与其他社会、政治和生态过程分开来考虑。在本文中,我研究了人类世与移民殖民主义的交集。本文特别感兴趣的是关于荒地空间的隐喻和叙述;也就是说,当人类世在殖民地诞生时,它们的意义是如何被赋予当地的表现形式的。我的问题是,在人类世中存在着什么样的未来或恢复?特别是,反殖民未来的可能性是否被想象为存在于荒地空间中或从荒地空间中出现。我调查了Richard-Yves Sitoski(定居者)的棕地。在这本定位强烈的诗集中——西托斯基将其描述为“欧文·桑德”的“诗意的”自地理学——在面对人类世和随之而来的棕地时,确定了我所说的“定居者宿命论”的存在。我认为这种宿命论是由一种忧郁的依恋带来的,这种依恋是殖民者殖民特有的荒地过程。本文的最后一部分对比了西托斯基的定居者宿命论与丽兹·霍华德(Ashinaabek)仍然矛盾,但更具生成性的诗歌。我认为,霍华德的《震动帐篷的无限公民》并非将人类世视为一个终结时代,而是唐娜·哈拉威(Donna Haraway)所说的“边界事件”。
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The Poetics of Settler Fatalism: Responses to Ecocide from within the Anthropocene
It is impossible to think today, without thinking of the Anthropocene. As biospheres are pushed ever-closer towards exhaustion, collapse, and/or radically inhospitable transmutations, there is a simultaneous explosion of work striving to represent and understand this epoch. However, the Anthropocene should not be thought in isolation from other social, political, and ecological processes. In this paper, I investigate the Anthropocene’s intersection with settler colonialism. Of particular interest to this paper are the metaphorical and narrative accounts about wastelanded spaces; that is, how meaning is ascribed to the local manifests of the Anthropocene as they are birthed on colonized territories. I ask what sort of futurities or recuperations are imagined as extant within the Anthropocene; in particular, whether possibilities for anti-colonial futures are imagined as existing within or emerging from wastelanded spaces.    I investigate Richard-Yves Sitoski’s (settler) brownfields. In this intensely located book of poetry—which Sitoski describes as a “poetic ‘autogeography” of Owen Sound”—identifying the presence of what I call settler fatalism in the face of the Anthropocene and its attendant brownfields. I suggest this fatalism is brought about by a melancholic attachment to the processes of wastelanding that are endemic to settler colonization. The final section of this paper contrasts the settler fatalism of Sitoski with the still ambivalent, though more generative poetry of Liz Howard (Ashinaabek). I suggest that Howard’s Infinite Citizen of the Shaking Tent approaches the Anthropocene not as a terminal epoch, but as what Donna Haraway calls “a boundary event”.
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