侧面扫描图像的失真和分解。地理编码的标准和重建

J. M. Preston, R. Poeckert
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引用次数: 4

摘要

平台运动引起的图像畸变和图像退化是所有侧扫声纳操作员所熟悉的。适度的运动可以扭曲未处理的图像,即通常在船上生成的图像。图像处理可以通过将图像重新采样到基于记录平台运动的地理参考框架中来消除畸变。这个过程通常被称为地理编码。但是,为了进行处理,平台的姿态不能变化得太快而导致覆盖间隙,或者大大减少发射和接收波束之间的重叠。提出了适用于未处理和地理编码图像的标准,用于高分辨率单波束侧面扫描声纳。对于像偏航率上限这样的简单总结来说,这些标准太过复杂,但可以看出拖鱼自由度的相对重要性。以潮汐湍流中的拖鱼为例,展示了未经校正的图像,这些图像通过地理编码发生了重大变化,包括在原始图像中作为两个独立物体出现的图像,但通过地理编码将其结合在一起。计算了平台稳定性指标,并将其与变形和破裂相关联。
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Distortion and break-up of sidescan images - criteria and reconstruction by geocoding
Image distortion and degradation caused by platform motion are familiar to all operators of side-scan sonars. Modest motions can distort unprocessed images, that is, the images normally generated on the ship. Image processing can remove distortions by resampling the image onto a geographic reference frame based on logged platform motion. This process is often called geocoding. To allow processing, though, the platform attitude must not change so rapidly that coverage gaps result, or the overlap between transmitted and received beams is much reduced. The criteria which apply to both unprocessed and geocoded images, for a high-resolution single-beam-perside sidescan sonar, are presented. The criteria are too complex for simple summaries such as an upper limit on yaw rate, but the relative importance of the towfish degrees of freedom can be seen. Several examples, acquired with a towfish in tidal turbulence, are shown of uncorrected images which are changed significantly by geocoding, including images which appear as two separate objects in the raw image but which are united by geocoding. Platform stability indicators are calculated and correlated with distortion and break-up.<>
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