斯洛伐克国家图书馆未来的十年

Katarína Krištofová
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摘要

当我在2012年成为总干事时,斯洛伐克国家图书馆正处于一个巨大的数字化项目的边缘,该项目旨在在未来几年(或几十年内)将图书馆馆藏中所有(或至少大部分)与斯洛伐克有关的印刷文化遗产资料数字化。当时的任务很明确:促进20世纪传统国家图书馆向数字时代的过渡。现在,在成功实施几年后,数字化已经成为国家图书馆日常工作流程中不可或缺的一部分,几乎涵盖了所有图书馆流程,从采办、书目和编目到用户服务和保存。很明显,这绝不是最后一步,而只是未来几年国家图书馆(以及一般图书馆)面临的范式变革的第一步。这不是一个遥远的未来:真正令人兴奋的事情已经发生了,或者即将发生——数字人文、文本和数据挖掘(与人工神经网络的广泛使用)、自动文本分类、分析和描述以及图书馆界的所有其他流行词汇,都是由人工智能驱动的,它的作用正在迅速增加,这是现实。它们是由加速发展的技术推动的更广泛的社会模式的一部分,这些技术开始主宰人们的生活并塑造世界的未来(或者至少是更幸运、更富裕的部分)——例如,工业4.0或物联网等深刻影响我们工作和生活方式的事物。下一件大事,量子计算的实际应用及其深远的影响,即将到来。几个世纪以来,图书馆(包括国家图书馆)一直是社会不可分割的一部分,不可能不受这些发展的影响。在
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The next 10 years of the Slovak National Library
When I became Director General in 2012, the Slovak National Library was on the brink of a huge digitisation project that aimed to digitise all (or at least most) Slovak-related printed cultural heritage materials from the library’s collection in the years (or decades) to come. Then the mission was clear: to facilitate the transition of a traditional national library of the 20th century into the digital era. Now, a few years after its successful implementation, digitisation has become an integral part of the national library’s routine workflows in virtually all library processes, from acquisition, through bibliography and cataloguing, to the patron services and preservation. It is obvious that it was by no means the final step, rather just one of the first steps in the paradigmatic change that lies ahead of national libraries (and libraries in general) in the years to come. And it is not a distant future: the truly exciting things that can be done with the vast quantities of digitised high-quality content from the libraries are already happening or are about to happen – the digital humanities, text and data mining (with the extensive use of artificial neural networks), automated text classification, analysis and description and all the other popular buzzwords of the library world, all driven by artificial intelligence, whose role is increasing rapidly, are reality. They are part of a wider pattern in the society powered by accelerated development of technologies that start to dominate people’s lives and shape the future of the world (or at least the luckier, wealthier part of it) – things like industry 4.0 affecting the way we work and live profoundly or the internet of things, for example. And the next big thing, practical use of quantum computing with its farreaching impacts, is just around the corner. There is no way that libraries (including the national libraries), which have been an integral part of society for centuries, can remain unaffected by these developments. In
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