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Application of theories in Library and Information Science research in Tanzania: A content analysis 坦桑尼亚图书馆与信息科学研究中的理论应用:内容分析
M. Kassim
Using a content analysis approach, this study assessed the application of theories in Library and Information Science (LIS) research in Tanzania. The study’s specific objectives encompassed the analysis of the utilization patterns of theories in LIS research conducted in Tanzania, the identification of predominant theories, the highlighting of specific areas within LIS research where theories have been extensively applied, and the assessment of the level of integration of theories into research. While Kalervo and Vakkari’s classification scheme of LIS research areas was used to identify specific research areas where theories have been applied most, seven categories of theory talk were utilized to evaluate the degree to which these theories have been incorporated into LIS research. The study’s findings reveal a growing inclination towards the use of theories among LIS researchers, albeit at a slow pace. The study has also shown that TAM and UTAUT theories are the most frequently utilized, with information-seeking research being the primary area incorporating theories among all identified research areas. The findings also suggest that while a significant portion of the analyzed articles fall under the major category of the Continuum of Theory Talk, implying substantial incorporation of theories, a small number of them encountered difficulties in effectively integrating theories. The study, therefore, suggests that LIS educators should also prioritize the theoretical aspect of research in their curriculum. This will help researchers improve their understanding of the subject matter, leading to more reliable and precise research.
本研究采用内容分析法,评估了理论在坦桑尼亚图书馆与信息科学(LIS)研究中的应用情况。本研究的具体目标包括:分析理论在坦桑尼亚开展的 LIS 研究中的应用模式,确定主要理论,突出 LIS 研究中广泛应用理论的具体领域,以及评估理论融入研究的程度。Kalervo 和 Vakkari 的 LIS 研究领域分类计划被用来确定理论应用最多的具体研究领域,而七类理论谈话则被用来评估这些理论被纳入 LIS 研究的程度。研究结果表明,尽管速度缓慢,但 LIS 研究人员越来越倾向于使用理论。研究还表明,TAM 和 UTAUT 理论是最常用的理论,而信息搜索研究则是所有已确定的研究领域中纳入这些理论的主要领域。研究结果还表明,虽然相当一部分分析文章属于 "理论对话连续体 "的主要类别,意味着大量理论的融入,但少数文章在有效整合理论方面遇到了困难。因此,本研究建议 LIS 教育工作者也应在课程中优先考虑研究的理论方面。这将有助于研究人员提高对课题的理解,从而开展更可靠、更精确的研究。
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引用次数: 0
Awareness and adoption of anti-plagiarism software in India: A case study of ShodhShuddhi 印度对反剽窃软件的认识和采用:ShodhShuddhi 案例研究
Varsha Singh, A. K. Singh
Academic writing is essential for researchers to present the research output in a legitimate manner with a precise and clear representation of research data, but few have mastered the art of writing well. Research and researchers are responsible for upholding academic honesty, integrity, and ethics. Needless to say, plagiarism has been around since antiquity, but it has never been as pervasive as it is now. Plagiarism is gradually ingraining itself into our educational system. Pupils are increasingly using the Internet and ICT-based tools to find quick “shortcuts” to the worthwhile but time-consuming task of preparing research papers. Being the third-largest publishing nation, it is the duty of the stakeholders to uphold and work for publication excellence with research ethics and honesty. Since there are so many research articles being published, it is important to understand publishing ethics and anti-plagiarism software in the research domain. If authors are taking ideas from previously published documents or other authors’ works, it is important to ensure acknowledgment and credit in terms of citations, bibliographical references, providing in-text citations, footnotes, and quoting them in any standard citation style. Plagiarism can also be defined as the paraphrasing and text recycling of documents. The challenges in research, which compromise ethics, are also from different stages of research, which include fabrication and falsification of data, AI-based text-generating tools, test recycling, ghostwriting, image plagiarism, audio-to-text-converting tools, etc. A one-stop solution to address all these issues on a single platform is not feasible as it involves multi-level checks and proper policy blended to be implemented at many levels. In this paper, analysis and study examine the national awareness of anti-plagiarism software. The primary objectives of the study are to raise awareness and investigate the current state and status of the use of anti-plagiarism software in Bharat (PDS). The data was collected through the portals and websites of ShodhShuddhi, Shodhganga, and the INFLIBNET Centre. Initiated with 200 universities in the year 2015, about 1086 higher education institutions (HEIs) are provided with PDS under ShodhShuddhi, out of which 894 institutions are active in using software for checking similarities. Three years of usage by active institutions are taken for analysis and study by 1.3 lakh faculty members and research scholars. The increase in usage, even during COVID time, shows that awareness is created in the nation, and the percentage of similarity in first document submission is also coming down gradually in the nation. Character building in academic matters and innovations are key outcomes that can be achieved by addressing plagiarism to strive for a knowledge-based nation.
学术写作对于研究人员以合法的方式展示研究成果、准确清晰地表述研究数据至关重要,但很少有人能很好地掌握写作艺术。研究和研究人员有责任维护学术诚信、正直和道德。毋庸讳言,剽窃行为自古有之,但从未像现在这样普遍。剽窃行为正逐渐融入我们的教育体系。学生们越来越多地使用互联网和基于信息通信技术的工具来寻找快速 "捷径",以完成撰写研究论文这项有价值但耗时的任务。作为第三大出版国,有关各方有责任以研究道德和诚信为基础,坚持并努力发表优秀的研究论文。由于发表的研究文章数量众多,因此了解研究领域的出版伦理和反抄袭软件非常重要。如果作者从以前发表的文献或其他作者的作品中获取灵感,必须确保在引文、书目参考、提供内文引文、脚注和以任何标准引文样式引用等方面予以承认和归功。剽窃也可以定义为对文件进行转述和文本再造。研究中有损伦理的挑战还来自研究的不同阶段,其中包括编造和伪造数据、基于人工智能的文本生成工具、测试回收、鬼画符、图像抄袭、音频到文本的转换工具等。在一个平台上一站式解决所有这些问题是不可行的,因为这涉及多层次的检查,需要在多个层面实施适当的政策。本文分析和研究了国民对反抄袭软件的认识。研究的主要目的是提高人们对反抄袭软件的认识,并调查巴拉特邦(PDS)使用反抄袭软件的现状和情况。数据是通过 ShodhShuddhi、Shodhganga 和 INFLIBNET 中心的门户和网站收集的。ShodhShuddhi 于 2015 年与 200 所大学合作,为约 1086 所高等教育机构(HEIs)提供了 PDS,其中 894 所机构积极使用软件检查相似性。有 130 万名教师和研究学者对活跃机构三年的使用情况进行了分析和研究。即使是在 COVID 期间,使用率也在不断提高,这表明全国人民的意识已经形成,全国首次提交文件的相似度百分比也在逐步下降。通过解决抄袭问题,可以在学术事务和创新方面培养品格,从而努力建设知识型国家。
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引用次数: 0
Access to electronic information resources in law libraries during covid-19 period: The case of office of the director of public prosecutions library, Kenya 19 期间法律图书馆电子信息资源的获取:肯尼亚检察长办公室图书馆案例
Joseph Abiero, Helen Amunga
The study examined the level of access of electronic resources among library users during the outbreak of Covid-19 pandemic. Qualitative and quantitative data were collected. Document review were further used to strengthen the findings of the study. On the use of electronic resources, the findings revealed there was increased use of electronic resources during Covid-19 pandemic, confirming that electronic resources were essential in sustaining library services during the pandemic. The results indicated that effective use of electronic resources requires library users possess skills to use the access equipment such as computers and Internet facilities. The findings further indicated that there is need for the library staff to create awareness of the available resources among library users. At the same time the study revealed that some of the challenges to the use of electronic resources were lack of computers, poor Internet connectivity and inadequate search skills which was linked to lack of elaborate training.
本研究调查了 Covid-19 大流行爆发期间图书馆用户使用电子资源的情况。研究收集了定性和定量数据。此外,还进一步使用了文献综述来加强研究结果。在电子资源的使用方面,研究结果表明,在 Covid-19 大流行期间,电子资源的使用有所增加,这证实了电子资源对于在大流行期间维持图书馆服务至关重要。结果表明,有效使用电子资源需要图书馆用户掌握使用计算机和互联网设施等接入设备的技能。研究结果进一步表明,图书馆工作人员有必要提高图书馆用户对可用资源的认识。与此同时,研究还表明,使用电子资源所面临的一些挑战是缺乏计算机、互联网连接不畅以及搜索技能不足,这与缺乏精心培训有关。
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引用次数: 0
Experiences, purposes, satisfaction and missing library services as predictors of library information services provision: A case study 图书馆提供信息服务的经验、目的、满意度和缺失:案例研究
Christian Mubofu
This study examined the experiences, purposes, satisfaction and missing library services towards quality library information service provisions. The study adopted a quantitative approach and a case study research design. The study involved 80 respondents at the Mwalimu Nyerere Memorial Academy (MNMA) library. Data were collected through a questionnaire, and the descriptive analysis was performed with the aid of the SPSS version 20 computer program. Findings revealed that the majority, 61 (76.3%), had more than 1 year of experience. In comparison, 19 (23.8%) had less than 1 year of library services experience. Friendly infrastructures, looking for research support from librarians, reading books and looking for a quiet environment were the highly cited purposes of patrons visiting the library. The study further revealed that the majority, 87.5% of the respondents, are satisfied with the library services offered, while 12.5% are not satisfied. Regarding the missing services, the study revealed that Internet/Wi-Fi, Inadequate books and Computers are the critical services that need urgent improvement. Based on the study findings, the study recommends investment in the education and training of library staff members to enhance their capacities to welcome customers, conduct training sessions, and provide first-rate customer service.
本研究探讨了图书馆提供优质信息服务的经验、目的、满意度和缺失。研究采用了定量方法和案例研究设计。研究涉及姆瓦利姆-尼雷尔纪念学院(MNMA)图书馆的 80 名受访者。数据通过调查问卷收集,并借助 SPSS 20 版计算机程序进行了描述性分析。调查结果显示,61 人(76.3%)拥有 1 年以上的工作经验。相比之下,19 人(23.8%)的图书馆服务经验不足 1 年。友好的基础设施、寻求图书馆员的研究支持、阅读书籍和寻找安静的环境是读者访问图书馆的主要目的。研究进一步显示,87.5% 的受访者对图书馆提供的服务表示满意,12.5% 的受访者表示不满意。关于缺失的服务,研究显示互联网/Wi-Fi、书籍和计算机不足是急需改善的关键服务。根据研究结果,研究建议对图书馆工作人员的教育和培训进行投资,以提高他们接待顾客、开展培训课程和提供一流顾客服务的能力。
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引用次数: 0
An assessment on the applicability of selection and acquisition procedures at Unguja Public Library - Zanzibar 评估桑给巴尔温古贾公共图书馆选择和采购程序的适用性
Juma Abeid Haji, E. Wema
This study assessed the applicability of selection and acquisition procedures at Unguja Public Library in Zanzibar. The objectives of the study were to establish library material selection and acquisition procedures at Unguja Public Library; assess library users’ views on the relevance of library collections at Unguja Public Library; and identify challenges that selection and acquisition of library materials face at Unguja Public Library. A total of two hundred and twenty-five (225) respondents participated in this study. These consisted of conveniently selected two hundred and fifteen (215) library patrons and seven (10) library core staff. Questionnaire, interview, as well as obtrusive observation methods were used to collect data for the study. Quantitative data were analysed using SPSS and Microsoft excel to generate frequency and percentages, presented in form of tables and figures; while qualitative data were analysed using content analysis. The study’s key findings reveal that selection and acquisition procedures are not strictly applied and adhered to at Unguja Public Library. The results have also revealed that library users are not involved in the selection process. Finally, the study recommends a close working collaboration between the Ministry of Education and Vocational Training in Zanzibar and Unguja Public Library Management to improve the quality of selection and acquisition procedures at the Library so as to build a balanced library collection that meets users’ needs.
本研究评估了桑给巴尔温古贾公共图书馆选择和采购程序的适用性。本研究的目标是:确定乌古贾公共图书馆的图书资料选择和采购程序;评估图书馆用户对乌古贾公共图书馆馆藏相关性的看法;确定乌古贾公共图书馆在图书资料选择和采购方面面临的挑战。共有 225 (225) 名受访者参与了此次研究。其中包括方便选出的 215 名图书馆读者和 7 名图书馆核心工作人员。本研究采用了问卷调查、访谈、以及侵入式观察等方法来收集数据。定量数据使用 SPSS 和 Microsoft excel 进行分析,生成频率和百分比,并以表格和数字的形式呈现;定性数据则使用内容分析进行分析。研究的主要结果表明,乌古贾公共图书馆没有严格执行和遵守选择和采购程序。研究结果还显示,图书馆用户并没有参与选择过程。最后,研究建议桑给巴尔教育和职业培训部与乌古贾公共图书馆管理层密切合作,提高图书馆选择和采购程序的质量,从而建立一个满足用户需求的均衡的图书馆藏。
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引用次数: 0
Delivering and utilising library services during the pandemic disease outbreak: challenges and coping strategies 大流行病爆发期间提供和利用图书馆服务:挑战和应对策略
Josephine Wilfred, Kelefa Mwantimwa
The COVID-19 pandemic caused severe shutdowns, quarantines, closures, cancellations, and other restrictive measures in different countries. Educational institutions such as universities, colleges, and schools were not immune to the devastating effects caused by the pandemic. The present study intended to explore challenges and coping strategies in maintaining access to and use of resources and services in academic libraries during the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic. To gain familiarity and acquire new insight into how Tanzania academic libraries managed their services during the COVID-19 pandemic exploratory research design was employed. A qualitative approach was mainly used to explore library staff and users’ opinions and experiences on library service provision during the pandemic outbreak. Focus group discussions (FGDs) and face-to-face semi-structured interviews were used to collect data. Data collected through FGD and semi-structured interviews were transcribed and subjected to qualitative data analysis. In particular, thematic analysis was employed in analysing data based on assigned themes. Generally, the study reveals multiple challenges in delivering library services and resources and their coping strategies. However, most of the coping strategies put forward mainly focused into preventing the pandemic, rather than enhancing access to and use of library services and resources among the users. The study exposes challenges that affected the delivery and use of library services during the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic, and their coping strategies were known. Proposal to digitize the library collections, invest in the application of digital library solutions and innovations, build capacity in digital competencies among the library staff and users, and increase access and use of open and freely available resources and services appear to be sustainable coping strategies when a pandemic occurs.
COVID-19 大流行在不同国家造成了严重的停工、隔离、关闭、取消和其他限制措施。大学、学院和学校等教育机构也未能幸免于大流行病造成的破坏性影响。本研究旨在探讨在 COVID-19 大流行期间,学术图书馆在维持资源和服务的获取和使用方面所面临的挑战和应对策略。为了了解坦桑尼亚学术图书馆在 COVID-19 大流行期间如何管理其服务并获得新的见解,本研究采用了探索性研究设计。研究主要采用定性研究方法,探讨图书馆工作人员和用户对大流行病爆发期间图书馆服务提供情况的看法和经验。研究采用了焦点小组讨论(FGDs)和面对面半结构化访谈来收集数据。通过 FGD 和半结构式访谈收集的数据均已转录,并进行了定性数据分析。特别是,在根据指定主题分析数据时采用了主题分析法。总体而言,研究揭示了图书馆在提供服务和资源方面面临的多重挑战及其应对策略。然而,所提出的大多数应对策略主要侧重于预防大流行病,而不是加强用户对图书馆服务和资源的获取和使用。本研究揭示了在 COVID-19 大流行爆发期间影响图书馆服务提供和使用的挑战及其应对策略。将图书馆藏书数字化、投资于数字图书馆解决方案和创新的应用、培养图书馆工作人员和用户的数字能力、增加对开放和免费资源及服务的获取和使用,这些建议似乎是在大流行病发生时可持续的应对策略。
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引用次数: 0
Delivering and utilising library services during the pandemic disease outbreak: challenges and coping strategies 大流行病爆发期间提供和利用图书馆服务:挑战和应对策略
Josephine Wilfred, Kelefa Mwantimwa
The COVID-19 pandemic caused severe shutdowns, quarantines, closures, cancellations, and other restrictive measures in different countries. Educational institutions such as universities, colleges, and schools were not immune to the devastating effects caused by the pandemic. The present study intended to explore challenges and coping strategies in maintaining access to and use of resources and services in academic libraries during the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic. To gain familiarity and acquire new insight into how Tanzania academic libraries managed their services during the COVID-19 pandemic exploratory research design was employed. A qualitative approach was mainly used to explore library staff and users’ opinions and experiences on library service provision during the pandemic outbreak. Focus group discussions (FGDs) and face-to-face semi-structured interviews were used to collect data. Data collected through FGD and semi-structured interviews were transcribed and subjected to qualitative data analysis. In particular, thematic analysis was employed in analysing data based on assigned themes. Generally, the study reveals multiple challenges in delivering library services and resources and their coping strategies. However, most of the coping strategies put forward mainly focused into preventing the pandemic, rather than enhancing access to and use of library services and resources among the users. The study exposes challenges that affected the delivery and use of library services during the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic, and their coping strategies were known. Proposal to digitize the library collections, invest in the application of digital library solutions and innovations, build capacity in digital competencies among the library staff and users, and increase access and use of open and freely available resources and services appear to be sustainable coping strategies when a pandemic occurs.
COVID-19 大流行在不同国家造成了严重的停工、隔离、关闭、取消和其他限制措施。大学、学院和学校等教育机构也未能幸免于大流行病造成的破坏性影响。本研究旨在探讨在 COVID-19 大流行期间,学术图书馆在维持资源和服务的获取和使用方面所面临的挑战和应对策略。为了了解坦桑尼亚学术图书馆在 COVID-19 大流行期间如何管理其服务并获得新的见解,本研究采用了探索性研究设计。研究主要采用定性研究方法,探讨图书馆工作人员和用户对大流行病爆发期间图书馆服务提供情况的看法和经验。研究采用了焦点小组讨论(FGDs)和面对面半结构化访谈来收集数据。通过 FGD 和半结构式访谈收集的数据均已转录,并进行了定性数据分析。特别是在根据指定主题分析数据时采用了主题分析法。总体而言,研究揭示了图书馆在提供服务和资源方面面临的多重挑战及其应对策略。然而,所提出的大多数应对策略主要侧重于预防大流行病,而不是加强用户对图书馆服务和资源的获取和使用。本研究揭示了在 COVID-19 大流行爆发期间影响图书馆服务提供和使用的挑战及其应对策略。将图书馆藏书数字化、投资于数字图书馆解决方案和创新的应用、培养图书馆工作人员和用户的数字能力、增加对开放和免费资源和服务的获取和使用,这些建议似乎是在大流行病发生时可持续的应对策略。
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引用次数: 0
Contemporary Library and Artificial Intelligence Technology 当代图书馆与人工智能技术
Akinola Samson Adesina, A. N. Zubairu
Artificial intelligence (AI) is becoming increasingly prevalent in libraries as a means of enhancing services and improving performance. The implementation of AI aims to create computer systems and machines that can think and act like humans, thus presenting both challenges and opportunities for libraries. AI is already being utilized in various ways within libraries, such as expert systems for reference services, robots for book shelving, and virtual reality for immersive learning experiences. Despite concerns that AI may replace librarians, it is actually facilitating libraries to become more efficient and provide better services. As technology rapidly advances in today's digital age, AI is expected to play a significant role in transforming libraries and adapting to the changing needs of society. The role of libraries is evolving, and they are embracing AI to enhance their performance and services.
人工智能(AI)作为加强服务和提高绩效的一种手段,在图书馆正变得越来越普遍。实施人工智能的目的是创造能够像人类一样思考和行动的计算机系统和机器,从而为图书馆带来挑战和机遇。人工智能已在图书馆内以各种方式得到应用,如专家系统用于参考服务、机器人用于图书排架、虚拟现实技术用于沉浸式学习体验等。尽管人们担心人工智能可能会取代图书馆员,但它实际上正在促进图书馆提高效率,提供更好的服务。随着当今数字时代技术的快速发展,人工智能有望在图书馆转型和适应不断变化的社会需求方面发挥重要作用。图书馆的角色正在不断演变,它们正在拥抱人工智能,以提高其绩效和服务。
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引用次数: 0
Contemporary Library and Artificial Intelligence Technology 当代图书馆与人工智能技术
Akinola Samson Adesina, A. N. Zubairu
Artificial intelligence (AI) is becoming increasingly prevalent in libraries as a means of enhancing services and improving performance. The implementation of AI aims to create computer systems and machines that can think and act like humans, thus presenting both challenges and opportunities for libraries. AI is already being utilized in various ways within libraries, such as expert systems for reference services, robots for book shelving, and virtual reality for immersive learning experiences. Despite concerns that AI may replace librarians, it is actually facilitating libraries to become more efficient and provide better services. As technology rapidly advances in today's digital age, AI is expected to play a significant role in transforming libraries and adapting to the changing needs of society. The role of libraries is evolving, and they are embracing AI to enhance their performance and services.
人工智能(AI)作为加强服务和提高绩效的一种手段,在图书馆正变得越来越普遍。实施人工智能的目的是创造能够像人类一样思考和行动的计算机系统和机器,从而为图书馆带来挑战和机遇。人工智能已在图书馆内以各种方式得到应用,如专家系统用于参考服务、机器人用于图书排架、虚拟现实技术用于沉浸式学习体验等。尽管人们担心人工智能可能会取代图书馆员,但它实际上正在促进图书馆提高效率,提供更好的服务。随着当今数字时代技术的快速发展,人工智能有望在图书馆转型和适应不断变化的社会需求方面发挥重要作用。图书馆的角色正在不断演变,它们正在拥抱人工智能,以提高其绩效和服务。
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引用次数: 0
Management of academic library services in the 21st century digital dispensation 21 世纪数字分配中的学术图书馆服务管理
S. A. Akinola
Academic library services have undergone significant change since the development of ICT. Thus, managing academic library service in the digital age requires a strategic approach that incorporates technology, user engagement, and adaptability to meet the evolving needs of students, faculty, and researchers. This study therefore, explores the role of ICT in the modern management of academic library services. This study specifically centers on identifying the challenges of managing academic libraries in digital environment and suggests strategies for effective management of academic libraries in digital era. The desk research approach and brainstorming with professional colleagues were combined to elicit the facts for the study and adopted content analysis of various literatures relating to the subject was used to draw inferences. The empathy of the paper is on how academic libraries can leverage ICT to enhance various services, including lending, circulation, and cataloguing. Additionally, the study highlights the potential of social media platforms to address the technological needs of library users. Various aspects of library services, such as Library Management, e-Libraries, online cataloguing, and social media services, digitization, Online Public Access Catalogue (OPAC) were examined in terms of how ICT has impacted them. Furthermore, the paper discusses the challenges associated with managing library services in the 21st century. To address these challenges, the study suggests incorporating ICT skills into library curricula and increasing funding for ICT infrastructure. Ultimately, the paper emphasized the necessity of embracing and integrating technology to meet the evolving needs of library users.
自信息与传播技术发展以来,学术图书馆服务发生了重大变化。因此,在数字时代管理学术图书馆服务需要一种结合技术、用户参与和适应性的战略方法,以满足学生、教师和研究人员不断变化的需求。因此,本研究探讨了信息与传播技术在现代学术图书馆服务管理中的作用。本研究特别关注确定数字环境下学术图书馆管理所面临的挑战,并提出在数字时代有效管理学术图书馆的策略。通过案头研究方法和与专业同事的头脑风暴相结合,为研究提供了事实依据,并通过对与该主题相关的各种文献进行内容分析,得出了推论。本文的共鸣点在于学术图书馆如何利用信息与传播技术来加强各种服务,包括借阅、流通和编目。此外,研究还强调了社交媒体平台在满足图书馆用户技术需求方面的潜力。研究还探讨了图书馆服务的各个方面,如图书馆管理、电子图书馆、在线编目、社交媒体服务、数字化、在线公共检索目录(OPAC),以及信息和通信技术对这些方面的影响。此外,本文还讨论了与 21 世纪图书馆服务管理相关的挑战。为应对这些挑战,研究建议将信息与传播技术技能纳入图书馆课程,并增加信息与传播技术基础设施的资金投入。最后,论文强调了接受和整合技术以满足图书馆用户不断变化的需求的必要性。
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引用次数: 0
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Alexandria: The Journal of National and International Library and Information Issues
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