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摘要

1980年至1999年间,秘鲁共产党(光辉道路党)在一场旨在推翻政府、建立共产主义政权的武装叛乱中包围了安第斯山脉国家秘鲁。毛派叛乱始于高地的阿亚库乔省,并迅速蔓延到整个农村和城市。在最初将叛乱视为小土匪的行为后,政府的回应是派遣反恐警察和武装部队进入游击队控制的地区。作为战时战略的一部分,光辉道路和政府军都以平民为目标,而一些土著农民则拿起武器保护自己的社区免受流血冲突。1992年,警察逮捕了光辉道路的领导人Abimael Guzmán,严重削弱了叛乱。到1999年,大多数剩余的游击队领导人都被逮捕,几乎结束了冲突的武装阶段。
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Shining Path
Between 1980 and 1999, the Peruvian Communist Party—Shining Path—enveloped the Andean nation of Peru in an armed insurrection designed to topple the state and institute a communist regime. The Maoist insurrection began in the highland department of Ayacucho, quickly spreading throughout the countryside and into the cities. After initially dismissing the insurgency as the work of small-time bandits, the government responded by sending in counterterrorism police and the armed forces into guerrilla-controlled areas. Both Shining Path and government forces targeted civilians as part of their wartime strategies, while some Indigenous peasants took up arms to defend their communities from the bloodshed. In 1992, police captured Shining Path leader Abimael Guzmán, severely weakening the insurgency. By 1999, most remaining guerrilla leaders had been arrested, all but ending the armed phase of the conflict.
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