测量通过窗玻璃和节能窗的无线电信号传播

P. Angskog, M. Backstrom, B. Vallhagen
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引用次数: 25

摘要

在过去的三四十年里,玻璃窗经历了一场节能的演变,从单一的窗格到今天的超低排放窗户。虽然最早的节能窗户是使用真空烧瓶原理建造的透明玻璃板夹层,但现代低排放窗户包括金属和/或金属氧化物涂层的玻璃。这种涂层造成了通信系统的无线电传播问题;可以用来保护建筑物免受故意电磁干扰(IEMI)攻击并帮助防止信息泄露的东西。本文介绍了不同型号窗户的屏蔽性能和窗玻璃质量的测量结果。其目的是将研究结果纳入保护关键基础设施的国际电磁干扰准则。测量使用两种互补的方法;在嵌套混响室和半消声室中,都在1 - 18 GHz范围内。结果显示了明显的产生依赖性,其中节能窗口在很大程度上根本不会衰减射频信号,低发射窗口提供10到45 dB之间的屏蔽效能值,在频谱的上半部分可能高达60 dB左右。
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Measurement of radio signal propagation through window panes and energy saving windows
Glass windows have undergone an energy saving evolution over the past three, four decades, from single panes till today's ultralow-emission windows. While the earliest energy saving windows were constructed as a sandwich of clear glass panes using the vacuum-flask principle, modern low-emission windows includes panes with coatings of metal and/or metal oxides. This coating has caused radio propagation problems for communication systems; something that may be utilized to protect a building from intentional electromagnetic interference (IEMI) attacks and to help protecting against information leakage. In this paper measurements of the shielding performance of different generations of windows and qualities of window panes are presented. The intention is to include the results in a guide-line for IEMI protection of critical infrastructures. Measurements are made using two complementary methods; in a nested reverberation chamber and in a semi-anechoic chamber, both over the range 1 - 18 GHz. The results show a clear generation dependency where the energy saving windows largely do not attenuate RF signals at all and low-emission windows offer shielding effectiveness values between 10 and 45 dB with potentially as much as around 60 dB in the upper half of the spectrum.
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