改善俄罗斯创业教育的问题

Mikhail V. Lednev, Artem A. Kazaryan
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摘要

目前,高等教育机构评估潜在申请人的实际需求,预测他们的要求是非常重要的。在这方面,发展新的教育服务领域变得很重要。其中一个领域是创业教育。除了高等教育机构,这个市场上的其他参与者也在从事创业教育。创业市场上出现了各种类型的教育机构,提供各种各样的教育服务,这就造成了它们之间的竞争。这个市场的另一部分是企业创业教育。本文考察了创业教育的领域、形式和高等院校实施的教育方案,指出了俄罗斯创业教育存在的问题和发展趋势。结合世界经验对各高校创业教育进行了比较分析,详细考虑了学科的结合、理论知识与实践训练的比例。评估了不同的学习方法对信息感知和材料同化有效性的影响。强调了创业教育市场中与教育过程和师资队伍相关的竞争力因素,并对这些因素进行了详细的考虑,使教育机构能够在创业教育服务市场中管理自己的竞争地位。本文提出了一种评估创业教育领域掌握教育项目有效性的新方法,该方法基于评估掌握教育项目各学科知识、技能和技能的有效性,以及最终能够在创业活动中成功实现自我的课程毕业生比例。
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Problems of Improving Entrepreneurial Education in Russia
Currently, it is very important for higher education institutions to assess the actual needs of potential applicants, to anticipate their requests. In this regard, the development of new areas of educational services becomes important. One of these areas is entrepreneurial education. In addition to higher education institutions, other players in this market are also engaged in entrepreneurial education. Educational institutions of various types have appeared on the entrepreneurial market, providing a wide range of educational services, which creates competition between them. A separate segment of this market is represented by corporate entrepreneurial education. The article examines the sphere of entrepreneurial education, its forms and educational programs applied by higher educational institutions, identifies the problems and trends of development of this type of education in Russia. A comparative analysis of entrepreneurial education at various universities taking into account the world experience is carried out, the combination of academic disciplines, the ratio of theoretical knowledge and practical training are considered in detail. The influence of different approaches to learning on the effectiveness of information perception and material assimilation is evaluated. He factors of competitiveness in the market of entrepreneurial education related to the educational process and the teaching staff are highlighted, which are considered in detail and allow educational institutions to manage their competitive position in the market of entrepreneurial education services. A new approach to assessing the effectiveness of mastering educational programs in the field of entrepreneurial education is proposed, which is based on assessing the effectiveness of mastering knowledge, skills, and skills in each discipline of the educational program, as well as on the ratio of graduates of the program who were eventually able to successfully realize themselves in entrepreneurial activity.
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