多民族苏黎世德语的音节率和语音节奏:说话风格的比较

Marie-Anne Morand, M. Bruno, Sandra Schwab, Stephan Schmid
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摘要

30年来,在包括瑞士苏黎世在内的欧洲城市的文化和语言多样化的社区中,多民族的说话方式已经出现。在日耳曼多民族的韵律特征中,一种所谓的“断奏”节奏在一些研究中被提到。例如,对两组青少年(每组12人)的比较表明,说多民族苏黎世德语的人比说传统方言的人表现出更慢的音节速率和更少的元音持续时间变化。本研究比较了48名苏黎世德语青少年的自然语音和诵读语音的音节率和语音节奏指标(nPVI-V, nPVI-C)。在回归分析中,节奏测量与说话者听起来多民族的感觉(评分)进行了比较。结果表明,音节率和nPVI-V与评分分数的关系独立于说话风格(阅读,自发演讲):被认为是多民族的说话者有更慢的音节率和更少的元音持续时间变化。在nPVI-C中未观察到这些结果。这些结果表明,音节速率和语音节奏(至少,元音持续时间的变化)是多民族苏黎世德语的稳定语音特征,因为这些特征与多民族语音感知之间的关系在阅读和自发语音中都被观察到。
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Syllable rate and speech rhythm in multiethnolectal Zurich German: a comparison of speaking styles
Multiethnolectal ways of speaking have been emerging for 30 years in culturally and linguistically diverse neighborhoods of European cities, including Zurich (Switzerland). Among the prosodic features of Germanic multiethnolects, a so-called ‘staccato’ rhythm has been mentioned in several studies. For instance, a comparison between two groups of adolescents (12 speakers each) showed that speakers of multiethnolectal Zurich German displayed slower syllable rates and less vowel duration variability than speakers of a rather traditional dialect. This study compares syllable rate and speech rhythm metrics ( nPVI-V, nPVI-C ) in spontaneous and read speech of 48 Zurich German adolescents. In a regression analysis, rhythmic measures were compared with the perception of how multiethnolectal the speakers sounded ( rating score ). The results showed that syllable rate and nPVI-V were related to rating score independently of speaking style (read, spontaneous speech): Speakers who were perceived as more multiethnolectal had a slower syllable rate and less vowel duration variability. Such findings were not observed for nPVI-C. These results suggest that syllable rate and speech rhythm (at least, vowel duration variability) are stable phonetic features of multiethnolectal Zurich German, since the relationship between these features and the perception of multiethnolectal speech was observed in both read and spontaneous speech.
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