Journal of Cachexia, Sarcopenia and Muscle最新文献

Examination of Gait Characteristics Related to Sarcopenia in Community-Dwelling Older Adults: A Study Focusing on Plantar Pressure 研究社区老年人与 "肌肉疏松症 "相关的步态特征：关注足底压力的研究

IF 8.9 1区医学

Journal of Cachexia, Sarcopenia and Muscle

Pub Date : 2024-11-22 DOI: 10.1002/jcsm.13634

Daiki Yamagiwa, Keitaro Makino, Osamu Katayama, Ryo Yamaguchi, von Fingerhut Georg, Yukari Yamashiro, Motoki Sudo, Hiroyuki Shimada

Sarcopenia is a condition characterized by a decrease in skeletal muscle mass and strength with age, which results in a lower gait speed. Decreased gait speed in older individuals with sarcopenia can lead to adverse events such as falls and mortality. It is a major health issue; several studies have investigated gait speed in sarcopenia. However, plantar pressure has not been sufficiently evaluated. Plantar pressure facilitates gait analysis, including gait speed, and plays an important role in preventing adverse events such as falls and mortality. Therefore, the current study aimed to validate gait characteristics, including plantar pressure in community-dwelling older adults with sarcopenia.

肌肉疏松症是一种以骨骼肌质量和力量随年龄增长而减少为特征的疾病，会导致步速降低。患有肌肉疏松症的老年人步速降低会导致跌倒和死亡等不良事件。这是一个重大的健康问题；已有多项研究对肌肉疏松症患者的步速进行了调查。然而，对足底压力的评估还不够充分。足底压力有助于步态分析，包括步态速度，并在预防跌倒和死亡等不良事件中发挥重要作用。因此，本研究旨在验证患有肌肉疏松症的社区老年人的步态特征，包括足底压力。

引用次数: 0

Concordance of Freehand 3D Ultrasound Muscle Measurements With Sarcopenia Parameters in a Geriatric Rehabilitation Ward. 在老年康复病房中，徒手三维超声肌肉测量与肌肉疏松症参数的一致性。

IF 8.9 1区医学

Journal of Cachexia, Sarcopenia and Muscle

Pub Date : 2024-11-22 DOI: 10.1002/jcsm.13648

Jeremie Huet, Antoine Nordez, Aurélie Sarcher, Marie Mathieu, Christophe Cornu, Anne-Sophie Boureau

Background: Sarcopenia is a devastating disease for older adults, but it lacks accessible and reliable tools for measuring total appendicular skeletal muscle mass (ASMM). Two-dimensional muscle ultrasound (US) has been developed for its bedside clinical advantages and feasibility but lacks standardization and prediction performance. We previously validated a new 3D-US technique to measure muscle volume (MV) at bedside and applied it in a geriatric rehabilitation setting. Objectives were to analyse the concordance between 3D-US MV and ASMM and compare concordance between 3D-US MV and 2D-US parameters with ASMM.

Methods: Participants were recruited in a Geriatric rehabilitation ward in Nantes, France, from May to October 2022. Exclusion criteria were as follows: oedema in the lower limbs or recent history of unilateral lower limb damage or stroke. ASMM was measured with bioelectrical impedance analysis; 3D-US and 2D-US acquisitions were performed on three muscles of the right lower limb. Measures of strength (hand grip, knee extension and ankle dorsiflexion) were also recorded. Reliability of 3D-US MV measurements on 10 participants was high (ICC = 0.99). We used Lin's concordance correlation coefficients (CCC) and bias correction factor for agreement between variables and linear regression models for prediction equations.

Results: Fifty-eight participants had an interpretable ASMM of whom 17 (29%) had a diagnosis of sarcopenia. Volumes of TA, RF and VL were all significantly concordant with ASMM measured by BIA (all p values < 0.001), with CCCs respectively of 0.72, 0.61 and 0.60. MV were all significantly concordant with isometric strength (p values < 0.001). Concordance and correlation with ASMM were higher with 3D-US than 2D-US measurements regardless of the muscle. Prediction of ASMM reached an adjusted R² of 0.8 with tibialis anterior volume, biometrics and 2D measurements.

Conclusions: This study was the first to use 3D-US in a geriatric setting and develop a model to predict ASMM in very old hospitalized patients. MV measurements with 3D-US proved to be reliable and more concordant with appendicular muscle mass and strength than 2D parameters.

背景：肌肉疏松症是一种对老年人极具破坏性的疾病，但却缺乏方便可靠的工具来测量附着骨骼肌总质量（ASMM）。二维肌肉超声（US）具有床旁临床优势和可行性，但缺乏标准化和预测性能。我们之前验证了一种在床旁测量肌肉体积（MV）的新型三维超声技术，并将其应用于老年康复治疗。目的是分析三维超声肌肉体积与 ASMM 之间的一致性，并比较三维超声肌肉体积和二维超声肌肉体积参数与 ASMM 之间的一致性：方法：2022 年 5 月至 10 月，在法国南特的老年康复病房招募参与者。排除标准如下：下肢水肿或近期有单侧下肢损伤或中风史。ASMM 采用生物电阻抗分析法进行测量；对右下肢的三块肌肉进行了 3D-US 和 2D-US 采集。同时还记录了力量（手握、膝关节伸展和踝关节背屈）的测量结果。对 10 名参与者进行的 3D-US MV 测量结果可靠性很高（ICC = 0.99）。我们使用林氏一致性相关系数（CCC）和偏差校正因子来计算变量间的一致性，并使用线性回归模型来计算预测方程：58名参与者有可解释的ASMM，其中17人（29%）被诊断为 "肌肉疏松症"。TA、RF 和 VL 的体积均与 BIA 测量的 ASMM 显著吻合（与胫骨前体积、生物统计学和二维测量值的 P 值均为 0.8）：本研究首次在老年病中使用三维超声波，并建立了一个模型来预测高龄住院病人的 ASMM。与二维参数相比，使用三维超声波测量腓肠肌的结果证明是可靠的，而且与腓肠肌质量和力量更加吻合。

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引用次数: 0

Comment on ‘Systematic Druggable Genome-Wide Mendelian Randomization Identifies Therapeutic Targets for Sarcopenia’ by Yin et al.—The Author's Reply 关于 Yin 等人撰写的《系统性可药用基因组全孟德尔随机化确定了 Sarcopenia 的治疗靶点》的评论--作者的回复

IF 8.9 1区医学

Journal of Cachexia, Sarcopenia and Muscle

Pub Date : 2024-11-21 DOI: 10.1002/jcsm.13652

Kang-Fu Yin, Yong-Ping Chen

We appreciate the attention and feedback from Liu et al. [1] on our study. We highly value their comments and would like to address some misunderstandings and provide additional background information through the following points.Firstly, Liu et al. mentioned that colocalisation analysis following Mendelian randomisation (MR) analysis might introduce irrelevant pleiotropic effects by violating the exclusion restriction assumption, thereby not strengthening the MR results. We believe this viewpoint may stem from an incomplete understanding of the principles of two-sample MR and Bayesian colocalisation analysis. Two-sample MR extracts strictly valid instrumental variables (IVs), selecting those SNPs that are significantly associated with the exposure variable. These SNPs need to satisfy the exclusion restriction assumption, meaning they influence the outcome variable only through the exposure variable and not through other pathways [2]. The purpose of Bayesian colocalisation analysis is to determine whether a genetic variant simultaneously affects multiple phenotypes. Colocalisation analysis typically identifies SNPs that are significantly associated with multiple phenotypes, i.e., shared SNPs [3]. This means that the IVs selected for MR analysis do not necessarily coincide with the shared SNPs identified by colocalisation, thus avoiding the violation of the exclusion restriction assumption. Even if there is a coincidence, after rigorous IV selection and pleiotropy methods such as MR-Egger regression and MR-PRESSO evaluation, the research results remain robust and interpretable [4]. Colocalisation analysis is an important complement to cis-MR studies, used to evaluate the validity of the IV assumption [4]. The lack of colocalisation analysis in cis-MR studies may lead to false-positive results similar to candidate gene studies, which have now largely been abandoned due to their irreproducible findings [5].Secondly, Liu et al. mentioned irrelevant horizontal pleiotropy and relevant horizontal pleiotropy in their comments. Regarding irrelevant horizontal pleiotropy, we have already employed common MR methods to address pleiotropy in our article, such as MR-Egger regression and MR-PRESSO. MR-Egger regression detects and corrects pleiotropy by estimating the intercept term, while MR-PRESSO reduces pleiotropic effects by identifying and excluding outliers. However, Liu et al. suggested that pleiotropy might still exist but did not provide specific evidence or reasons. We believe that every methodological approach has its limitations, including the CAUSE (Causal Analysis Using Summary Effect estimates) method suggested by Liu et al. for future pleiotropy identification. Although the CAUSE method performs well in identifying pleiotropy, it also has a high false-positive rate and cannot fully explain the shared genetic components between two traits of interest

我们感谢 Liu 等人[1]对我们研究的关注和反馈。首先，Liu 等人提到，在孟德尔随机化（Mendelian randomisation，MR）分析之后进行共定位分析，可能会因为违反排除限制假设而引入无关的多向效应，从而无法强化 MR 结果。我们认为这种观点可能源于对双样本 MR 和贝叶斯共定位分析原理的不完全理解。双样本 MR 提取严格有效的工具变量（IV），选择那些与暴露变量显著相关的 SNPs。这些 SNP 需要满足排除限制假设，即它们只通过暴露变量而不是其他途径影响结果变量[2]。贝叶斯共定位分析的目的是确定一个遗传变异是否同时影响多种表型。共定位分析通常确定与多种表型显著相关的 SNP，即共享 SNP [3]。这意味着被选作 MR 分析的 IV 不一定与通过共定位确定的共享 SNP 重合，从而避免了对排除限制假设的违反。即使存在重合，经过严格的IV选择和多向性方法（如MR-Egger回归和MR-PRESSO评估）后，研究结果仍具有稳健性和可解释性[4]。共定位分析是顺式磁共振研究的重要补充，用于评估 IV 假设的有效性[4]。顺式-磁共振研究中缺乏共定位分析可能会导致假阳性结果，这与候选基因研究类似，而候选基因研究由于其结果不可重复，目前已基本被放弃[5]。关于无关水平褶积，我们在文章中已经采用了常用的 MR 方法来解决褶积问题，如 MR-Egger 回归和 MR-PRESSO。MR-Egger 回归通过估计截距项来检测和纠正褶状效应，而 MR-PRESSO 则通过识别和排除异常值来减少褶状效应。不过，Liu 等人认为多向效应可能仍然存在，但没有提供具体的证据或原因。我们认为，每种方法都有其局限性，包括 Liu 等人建议的 CAUSE（使用摘要效应估计的因果分析）方法，该方法可用于未来的褶状效应识别。虽然 CAUSE 方法在识别褶状效应方面表现良好，但它的假阳性率也很高，而且不能完全解释两个相关性状之间的共有遗传成分[6]。相关的水平多效性是指一个 SNP 通过多种途径影响结果变量，这是复杂性状研究中的一个常见问题。我们同意这是一个需要进一步研究的课题，但这并不影响我们目前研究结果的稳健性[2, 4]。最后，我们的研究采用了顺式磁共振分析，并使用贝叶斯共定位结果进行敏感性分析，以支持我们的结论。这种方法得到了以往文献[4, 7-11]的支持，也是 Liu 等人评论中推荐的方法。关于刘等人提到的 CAUSE 方法[6]和最新的 TWAS（全转录组关联研究）[12, 13]算法，这些方法可能是未来的研究方向，但仍需要进一步的公开验证。我们再次感谢刘等人的宝贵意见。希望我们的上述回答能澄清一些误解，并期待进一步的讨论和交流。

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引用次数: 0

Impact of resistance training and chicken intake on vascular and muscle health in elderly women 阻力训练和鸡肉摄入量对老年妇女血管和肌肉健康的影响

IF 8.9 1区医学

Journal of Cachexia, Sarcopenia and Muscle

Pub Date : 2024-11-21 DOI: 10.1002/jcsm.13572

Shumpei Fujie, Naoki Horii, Hiroki Kajimoto, Henry Yamazaki, Kenichiro Inoue, Keiko Iemitsu, Masataka Uchida, Takuma Arimitsu, Yasushi Shinohara, Kiyoshi Sanada, Motohiko Miyachi, Motoyuki Iemitsu

Resistance training is a well-known exercise therapy for preventing and improving lacks of muscle mass, strength, and quality with advances in age; however, its effects on arterial stiffness are not beneficial. Additionally, a higher intake of protein, which is an effective nutrient for muscle health, results in lower arterial stiffness. Whether the combination of moderate to high-intensity resistance training and high-protein intake would improve muscle mass, strength, and quality and cancel the resistance training-induced increase in arterial stiffness in elderly women remains unclear.

阻力训练是一种众所周知的运动疗法，可预防和改善随着年龄增长而出现的肌肉质量、力量和质量下降；然而，它对动脉僵化的影响并无益处。此外，蛋白质是促进肌肉健康的有效营养素，摄入蛋白质越多，动脉僵化程度越低。中高强度阻力训练与高蛋白摄入相结合，是否能改善老年妇女的肌肉质量、力量和质量，并消除阻力训练引起的动脉僵化增加，目前仍不清楚。

引用次数: 0

Comment on ‘Change in Physical Activity and Its Association With Decline in Kidney Function: A UK Biobank-Based Cohort Study’ by Liu et al. 对 Liu 等人撰写的 "体育锻炼的变化及其与肾功能衰退的关系：基于英国生物库的队列研究 "的评论。

IF 8.9 1区医学

Journal of Cachexia, Sarcopenia and Muscle

Pub Date : 2024-11-20 DOI: 10.1002/jcsm.13654

Guoying Wang, Wenbo Shi, Zhijun Xin, Xiaoming Zhou

We read with great interest the article by Liu Q et al. [1] examining the association between changes in physical activity and kidney function in the general population. The authors utilised a large cohort from the UK Biobank to investigate this important relationship, providing valuable insights. However, we would like to highlight a few key limitations and suggest future research directions that could strengthen the evidence in this area.Firstly, the authors relied on self-reported physical activity data, which is subject to potential recall bias and social desirability bias. Individuals may overreport or underreport their physical activity levels, leading to misclassification and potentially biassing the observed associations [2]. The use of objective measures, such as accelerometers or activity trackers, could provide more accurate and reliable assessments of physical activity, reducing the risk of measurement error. Indeed, through UK Biobank, several studies have reported high quality research on accelerometer-measured physical activity and disease prognosis [3, 4].Secondly, the authors' adjustment for covariates did not include dietary factors, which are known to have a significant impact on kidney function. Dietary intake of protein, sodium and other nutrients can influence serum creatinine and cystatin C levels, potentially confounding the relationship between physical activity and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) [5, 6]. Future studies should consider incorporating detailed dietary information, such as nutrient intake and dietary patterns, to better understand the complex interplay between physical activity, diet and kidney health.Additionally, the authors focused their analysis on the general population, which may have different characteristics and risk profiles compared to individuals with pre-existing chronic kidney disease (CKD) or other comorbidities. It would be valuable to conduct subgroup analyses or stratified models to explore the potential differential effects of physical activity changes on kidney function in specific patient populations, such as those with CKD, diabetes or cardiovascular disease. This approach could provide more targeted insights and guide the development of tailored physical activity recommendations for individuals at higher risk of kidney dysfunction.Furthermore, the authors utilised eGFR as the primary outcome, which is an estimated measure of kidney function. While eGFR is widely used in clinical practice, it may not accurately reflect true glomerular filtration rate, especially in the context of changing muscle mass and body composition associated with physical activity [7]. Future studies could consider incorporating direct measures of kidney function, such as iohexol or inulin clearance, to provide a more precise assessment of the relationship between physical activity and actual kidney func

我们饶有兴趣地阅读了 Liu Q 等人的文章[1]，文章研究了普通人群中体育锻炼的变化与肾功能之间的关系。作者利用英国生物库的大型队列研究了这一重要关系，提供了有价值的见解。首先，作者依赖于自我报告的体育锻炼数据，而这一数据存在潜在的回忆偏差和社会期望偏差。个人可能会多报或少报自己的体力活动水平，从而导致分类错误，并可能使观察到的关联产生偏差[2]。使用加速计或活动追踪器等客观测量方法可以提供更准确、更可靠的体力活动评估，减少测量误差的风险。事实上，通过英国生物样本库，一些研究报告了加速计测量的体力活动和疾病预后的高质量研究[3, 4]。其次，作者对协变量的调整没有包括饮食因素，而众所周知，饮食因素对肾功能有重大影响。膳食中摄入的蛋白质、钠和其他营养物质会影响血清肌酐和胱抑素 C 的水平，从而可能混淆体育锻炼与估计肾小球滤过率（eGFR）之间的关系[5, 6]。未来的研究应考虑纳入详细的饮食信息，如营养素摄入量和饮食模式，以更好地了解体育锻炼、饮食和肾脏健康之间复杂的相互作用。此外，作者将分析重点放在普通人群上，而普通人群与已患有慢性肾脏病（CKD）或其他合并症的人群相比，可能具有不同的特征和风险概况。进行亚组分析或建立分层模型以探讨体育锻炼的变化对特定患者群体（如患有慢性肾脏病、糖尿病或心血管疾病的患者）的肾功能可能产生的不同影响，将是非常有价值的。这种方法可以提供更有针对性的见解，并指导为肾功能不全风险较高的人群制定量身定制的体育锻炼建议。此外，作者将 eGFR 作为主要结果，这是一种肾功能的估计测量方法。虽然 eGFR 在临床实践中被广泛使用，但它可能无法准确反映真实的肾小球滤过率，尤其是在肌肉质量和身体成分随体育锻炼而变化的情况下[7]。最后，作者的分析仅限于两个时间点，这可能无法反映体育锻炼的动态性质及其对肾脏健康的长期影响。在较长时间内反复评估体力活动和肾功能的纵向研究可以揭示这些变量的轨迹及其随着时间的推移而产生的相互作用。总之，作者们的研究为了解普通人群体力活动变化与肾功能之间的关系提供了宝贵的见解。然而，解决上述局限性，如使用客观的体力活动测量方法、纳入饮食因素、探索亚组差异以及纳入直接肾功能评估等，可以进一步加强证据并指导制定针对肾脏健康的体力活动建议。

{"title":"Comment on ‘Change in Physical Activity and Its Association With Decline in Kidney Function: A UK Biobank-Based Cohort Study’ by Liu et al.","authors":"Guoying Wang, Wenbo Shi, Zhijun Xin, Xiaoming Zhou","doi":"10.1002/jcsm.13654","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jcsm.13654","url":null,"abstract":"We read with great interest the article by Liu Q et al. [1] examining the association between changes in physical activity and kidney function in the general population. The authors utilised a large cohort from the UK Biobank to investigate this important relationship, providing valuable insights. However, we would like to highlight a few key limitations and suggest future research directions that could strengthen the evidence in this area.\u0000Firstly, the authors relied on self-reported physical activity data, which is subject to potential recall bias and social desirability bias. Individuals may overreport or underreport their physical activity levels, leading to misclassification and potentially biassing the observed associations [2]. The use of objective measures, such as accelerometers or activity trackers, could provide more accurate and reliable assessments of physical activity, reducing the risk of measurement error. Indeed, through UK Biobank, several studies have reported high quality research on accelerometer-measured physical activity and disease prognosis [3, 4].\u0000Secondly, the authors' adjustment for covariates did not include dietary factors, which are known to have a significant impact on kidney function. Dietary intake of protein, sodium and other nutrients can influence serum creatinine and cystatin C levels, potentially confounding the relationship between physical activity and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) [5, 6]. Future studies should consider incorporating detailed dietary information, such as nutrient intake and dietary patterns, to better understand the complex interplay between physical activity, diet and kidney health.\u0000Additionally, the authors focused their analysis on the general population, which may have different characteristics and risk profiles compared to individuals with pre-existing chronic kidney disease (CKD) or other comorbidities. It would be valuable to conduct subgroup analyses or stratified models to explore the potential differential effects of physical activity changes on kidney function in specific patient populations, such as those with CKD, diabetes or cardiovascular disease. This approach could provide more targeted insights and guide the development of tailored physical activity recommendations for individuals at higher risk of kidney dysfunction.\u0000Furthermore, the authors utilised eGFR as the primary outcome, which is an estimated measure of kidney function. While eGFR is widely used in clinical practice, it may not accurately reflect true glomerular filtration rate, especially in the context of changing muscle mass and body composition associated with physical activity [7]. Future studies could consider incorporating direct measures of kidney function, such as iohexol or inulin clearance, to provide a more precise assessment of the relationship between physical activity and actual kidney func","PeriodicalId":186,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cachexia, Sarcopenia and Muscle","volume":"252 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142678521","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Sarcopenia Seems to Be Common in Older Patients With Restless Legs Syndrome 肌少症似乎是老年不安腿综合征患者的常见病

IF 8.9 1区医学

Journal of Cachexia, Sarcopenia and Muscle

Pub Date : 2024-11-20 DOI: 10.1002/jcsm.13637

Açelya Gokdeniz Yildirim, Derya Kaya, Fatma Sena Dost, Mehmet Selman Ontan, Ahmet Turan Isik

Restless legs syndrome (RLS) is a disorder characterized by nocturnally exacerbating pain that leads to significant sleep disturbances. The hormonal and metabolic changes caused by sleep disruption may increase the incidence of muscle-related diseases like sarcopenia in older adults, which is defined by a progressive loss of muscle strength and mass. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between RLS and sarcopenia, which may affect each other through common pathophysiological pathways in older adults.

不宁腿综合症（RLS）是一种以夜间疼痛加剧为特征的疾病，会导致严重的睡眠障碍。睡眠紊乱引起的荷尔蒙和新陈代谢变化可能会增加肌肉相关疾病的发病率，如老年人肌肉疏松症。本研究旨在调查 RLS 与肌肉疏松症之间的关系，这两种疾病可能会通过老年人共同的病理生理途径相互影响。

引用次数: 0

Intermittent Hypoxic-Hyperoxic Training During Inpatient Rehabilitation Improves Exercise Capacity and Functional Outcome in Patients With Long Covid: Results of a Controlled Clinical Pilot Trial. 住院康复期间的间歇性低氧-高氧训练可提高长 Covid 患者的运动能力和功能结果：一项对照临床试点试验的结果。

IF 8.9 1区医学

Journal of Cachexia, Sarcopenia and Muscle

Pub Date : 2024-11-19 DOI: 10.1002/jcsm.13628

Wolfram Doehner, Azadeh Fischer, Banafsheh Alimi, Jasmin Muhar, Jochen Springer, Christoph Altmann, Per Otto Schueller

Introduction: Long COVID-19 illness is a severely disabling disease with shortness of breath, weakness and fatigue as leading symptoms, resulting in poor quality of life and substantial delay in return to work. No specific respiratory therapy has been validated for patients with long COVID. The intermittent hypoxia-hyperoxia training (IHHT) is a respiratory therapeutic modality to improve exercise performance via controlled respiratory conditioning. The purpose of the present study is to investigate the therapeutic effect of IHHT on functional and symptomatic recovery of patients with long COVID syndrome.

Methods: A prospective, controlled, open-treatment interventional study was conducted in patients with long COVID who were admitted to an inpatient rehabilitation programme. Patients were assigned nonrandomized to receive IHHT in addition to the standardized rehabilitation programme (IHHT group) or standard rehabilitation alone (control group). The IHHT group received supervised sessions of intermittent hypoxic (10-12% O₂) and hyperoxic (30-35% O₂) breathing three times per week throughout the rehabilitation period. Primary endpoint was improved walking distance in a 6-min walk test (6MWT) between study groups. Secondary endpoints were change in stair climbing power, dyspnoea (Borg dyspnoea Scale), fatigue assessment scale (FAS) and change in health-related quality of life (HRQoL) assessed by patient global assessment (PGA), EQ-5D analogue scale and the MEDIAN Corona Recovery Score (MCRS). Further assessments included maximum handgrip strength, nine hole peg test, timed up-and-go, respiratory function and functional ambulation category (FAC), serum analyses and safety of the intervention.

Results: A total of 145 patients were included in the study (74% female, mean age 53 ± 12 years) and assigned to IHHT (n = 70) or standard care (n = 75). The 6MWT distance improved 2.8-fold in the IHHT group compared to the control group (91.7 ± 50.1 m vs. 32.6 ± 54.2 m, ANCOVA p < 0.001). Stair climbing power improved 3.7-fold in the IHHT group compared to controls (-1.91 ± 2.23 s vs. -0.51 ± 1.93 s, p < 0.001). Secondary endpoints on dyspnoea, fatigue and HRQoL (PGA, EQ-5D and MCRS) improved significantly in the IHHT group compared to controls. The IHHT group exhibited a significant decrease in blood pressure, heart rate and increase in haemoglobin levels that was not observed in the control group. No adverse events were observed.

Conclusion: Respiratory treatment with IHHT in addition to a multidisciplinary rehabilitation programme improves functional capacity, symptomatic status and quality of life in patients with disabling long COVID. IHHT has been demonstrated to be safe, well tolerated and feasible to be integrated in an inpatient rehabilitation programme to improve outcome in long COVID.

导言：长程 COVID-19 疾病是一种严重致残性疾病，以气短、虚弱和疲劳为主要症状，导致生活质量低下和重返工作岗位的时间大大延迟。目前还没有针对长期 COVID 患者的特定呼吸疗法。间歇性缺氧-高氧训练（IHHT）是一种呼吸治疗方法，可通过控制呼吸调节来改善运动表现。本研究旨在探讨间歇性缺氧-高氧训练对长COVID综合征患者功能和症状恢复的治疗效果：一项前瞻性、对照、开放式治疗干预研究针对住院康复计划的长 COVID 患者进行。患者被非随机分配到在接受标准化康复计划的同时接受 IHHT 治疗（IHHT 组）或单独接受标准康复治疗（对照组）。IHHT组在整个康复期间每周接受三次间歇性缺氧（10-12%氧气）和高氧（30-35%氧气）呼吸的指导。主要终点是研究组之间在6分钟步行测试（6MWT）中步行距离的改善。次要终点是爬楼梯能力的变化、呼吸困难（博格呼吸困难量表）、疲劳评估量表（FAS）以及健康相关生活质量（HRQoL）的变化，通过患者总体评估（PGA）、EQ-5D 模拟量表和 MEDIAN Corona 恢复评分（MCRS）进行评估。进一步的评估包括最大握力、九孔钉试验、定时起立行走、呼吸功能和功能性行走类别（FAC）、血清分析和干预的安全性：共有 145 名患者（74% 为女性，平均年龄为 53 ± 12 岁）参与了研究，并被分配接受 IHHT（70 人）或标准护理（75 人）。与对照组相比，IHHT 组的 6MWT 距离缩短了 2.8 倍（91.7 ± 50.1 米 vs 32.6 ± 54.2 米，ANCOVA p 结论：在实施多学科康复计划的同时使用 IHHT 进行呼吸治疗，可改善致残性长期 COVID 患者的功能、症状和生活质量。事实证明，IHHT 安全、耐受性好，可纳入住院康复计划以改善长期 COVID 患者的治疗效果。

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引用次数: 0

Anabolic Sensitivity in Healthy, Lean, Older Men Is Associated With Higher Expression of Amino Acid Sensors and mTORC1 Activators Compared to Young. 与年轻人相比，健康、瘦弱的老年男性的合成代谢敏感性与氨基酸传感器和 mTORC1 激活剂的高表达有关。

IF 8.9 1区医学

Journal of Cachexia, Sarcopenia and Muscle

Pub Date : 2024-11-19 DOI: 10.1002/jcsm.13613

Oscar Horwath, Marcus Moberg, Nathan Hodson, Sebastian Edman, Mats Johansson, Eva Andersson, Gerrit van Hall, Olav Rooyackers, Andrew Philp, William Apró

Background: Sarcopenia is thought to be underlined by age-associated anabolic resistance and dysregulation of intracellular signalling pathways. However, it is unclear whether these phenomena are driven by ageing per se or other confounding factors.

Methods: Lean and healthy young (n = 10, 22 ± 3 years, BMI; 23.4 ± 0.8 kg/m²) and old men (n = 10, 70 ± 3 years, BMI; 22.7 ± 1.3 kg/m²) performed unilateral resistance exercise followed by intake of essential amino acids (EAA). Muscle biopsies were collected from the rested and the exercised leg before, immediately after and 60 and 180 min after EAA intake. Muscle samples were analysed for amino acid concentrations, muscle protein synthesis (MPS) and associated anabolic signalling.

Results: Following exercise, peak plasma levels of EAA and leucine were similar between groups, but the area under the curve was ~11% and ~28% lower in Young (p < 0.01). Absolute levels of muscle EAA and leucine peaked 60 min after exercise, with ~15 and ~21% higher concentrations in the exercising leg (p < 0.01) but with no difference between groups. MPS increased in both the resting (~0.035%·h^-1 to 0.056%·h^-1, p < 0.05) and exercising leg (~0.035%·h^-1 to 0.083%·h^-1, p < 0.05) with no difference between groups. Phosphorylation of S6K1^Thr389 increased to a similar extent in the exercising leg in both groups but was 2.8-fold higher in the resting leg of Old at the 60 min timepoint (p < 0.001). Phosphorylation of 4E-BP1^Ser65 increased following EAA intake and exercise, but differences between legs were statistically different only at 180 min (p < 0.001). However, phosphorylation of this site was on average 78% greater across all timepoints in Old (p < 0.01). Phosphorylation of eEF2^Thr56 was reduced (~66% and 39%) in the exercising leg at both timepoints after EAA intake and exercise, with no group differences (p < 0.05). However, phosphorylation at this site was reduced by ~27% also in the resting leg at 60 min, an effect that was only seen in Old (p < 0.01). Total levels of Rheb (~45%), LAT1 (~31%) and Rag B (~31%) were higher in Old (p < 0.001).

Conclusion: Lean and healthy old men do not manifest AR as evidenced by potent increases in MPS and mTORC1 signalling following EAA intake and exercise. Maintained anabolic sensitivity with age appears to be a function of a compensatory increase in basal levels of proteins involved in anabolic signalling. Therefore, our results suggest that age per se does not appear to cause AR in human skeletal muscle.

背景：人们认为，与年龄相关的合成代谢阻力和细胞内信号通路失调是 "肌肉疏松症 "的主要原因。然而，目前还不清楚这些现象是由衰老本身还是其他干扰因素引起的：方法：健康瘦弱的年轻男性（n = 10，22 ± 3 岁，体重指数；23.4 ± 0.8 kg/m2）和老年男性（n = 10，70 ± 3 岁，体重指数；22.7 ± 1.3 kg/m2）进行单侧阻力运动，然后摄入必需氨基酸（EAA）。在摄入 EAA 前、摄入 EAA 后、摄入 EAA 后 60 分钟和 180 分钟，分别从休息和运动的腿部采集肌肉活检样本。对肌肉样本的氨基酸浓度、肌肉蛋白质合成（MPS）和相关合成代谢信号进行分析：运动后，各组间 EAA 和亮氨酸的血浆峰值水平相似，但 Young 组的曲线下面积分别低 11% 和 28%（P-1 至 0.056%-h-1，P-1 至 0.083%-h-1，P Thr389 在两组运动腿中的增加程度相似，但在静止腿中高 2.8 倍）。在摄入 EAA 和运动后，运动腿的 p Thr56 在两个时间点都降低了（约 66% 和 39%），没有组间差异（p 结论：摄入 EAA 和运动后，MPS 和 mTORC1 信号的强效增加证明，健康瘦弱的老年男性不会表现出 AR。随着年龄的增长，合成代谢敏感性的维持似乎是参与合成代谢信号传导的蛋白质基础水平补偿性增加的结果。因此，我们的研究结果表明，年龄本身似乎不会导致人体骨骼肌的合成代谢敏感性。

{"title":"Anabolic Sensitivity in Healthy, Lean, Older Men Is Associated With Higher Expression of Amino Acid Sensors and mTORC1 Activators Compared to Young.","authors":"Oscar Horwath, Marcus Moberg, Nathan Hodson, Sebastian Edman, Mats Johansson, Eva Andersson, Gerrit van Hall, Olav Rooyackers, Andrew Philp, William Apró","doi":"10.1002/jcsm.13613","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jcsm.13613","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Sarcopenia is thought to be underlined by age-associated anabolic resistance and dysregulation of intracellular signalling pathways. However, it is unclear whether these phenomena are driven by ageing per se or other confounding factors.Methods: Lean and healthy young (n = 10, 22 ± 3 years, BMI; 23.4 ± 0.8 kg/m2) and old men (n = 10, 70 ± 3 years, BMI; 22.7 ± 1.3 kg/m2) performed unilateral resistance exercise followed by intake of essential amino acids (EAA). Muscle biopsies were collected from the rested and the exercised leg before, immediately after and 60 and 180 min after EAA intake. Muscle samples were analysed for amino acid concentrations, muscle protein synthesis (MPS) and associated anabolic signalling.Results: Following exercise, peak plasma levels of EAA and leucine were similar between groups, but the area under the curve was ~11% and ~28% lower in Young (p < 0.01). Absolute levels of muscle EAA and leucine peaked 60 min after exercise, with ~15 and ~21% higher concentrations in the exercising leg (p < 0.01) but with no difference between groups. MPS increased in both the resting (~0.035%·h-1 to 0.056%·h-1, p < 0.05) and exercising leg (~0.035%·h-1 to 0.083%·h-1, p < 0.05) with no difference between groups. Phosphorylation of S6K1Thr389 increased to a similar extent in the exercising leg in both groups but was 2.8-fold higher in the resting leg of Old at the 60 min timepoint (p < 0.001). Phosphorylation of 4E-BP1Ser65 increased following EAA intake and exercise, but differences between legs were statistically different only at 180 min (p < 0.001). However, phosphorylation of this site was on average 78% greater across all timepoints in Old (p < 0.01). Phosphorylation of eEF2Thr56 was reduced (~66% and 39%) in the exercising leg at both timepoints after EAA intake and exercise, with no group differences (p < 0.05). However, phosphorylation at this site was reduced by ~27% also in the resting leg at 60 min, an effect that was only seen in Old (p < 0.01). Total levels of Rheb (~45%), LAT1 (~31%) and Rag B (~31%) were higher in Old (p < 0.001).Conclusion: Lean and healthy old men do not manifest AR as evidenced by potent increases in MPS and mTORC1 signalling following EAA intake and exercise. Maintained anabolic sensitivity with age appears to be a function of a compensatory increase in basal levels of proteins involved in anabolic signalling. Therefore, our results suggest that age per se does not appear to cause AR in human skeletal muscle.","PeriodicalId":186,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cachexia, Sarcopenia and Muscle","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142666553","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Comment on 'Systematic Druggable Genome-Wide Mendelian Randomization Identifies Therapeutic Targets for Sarcopenia' by Yin Et Al. 就 Yin 等人撰写的 "系统性可药用基因组全孟德尔随机化确定 Sarcopenia 的治疗靶点 "发表评论

IF 8.9 1区医学

Journal of Cachexia, Sarcopenia and Muscle

Pub Date : 2024-11-19 DOI: 10.1002/jcsm.13589

Tianrui Liu, Feixiang Yang, Kun Wang, Peng Guo, Jialin Meng

引用次数: 0

Metagenomic Analysis Identifies Sex-Related Gut Microbial Functions and Bacterial Taxa Associated With Skeletal Muscle Mass 元基因组分析确定了与骨骼肌质量相关的性别肠道微生物功能和细菌类群

IF 8.9 1区医学

Journal of Cachexia, Sarcopenia and Muscle

Pub Date : 2024-11-19 DOI: 10.1002/jcsm.13636

Hang A. Park, Joohon Sung, Yoosoo Chang, Seungho Ryu, Kyung Jae Yoon, Hyung-Lae Kim, Han-Na Kim

This study aimed to explore the association between gut microbiota functional profiles and skeletal muscle mass, focusing on sex-specific differences in a population under 65 years of age.

这项研究旨在探索肠道微生物群功能特征与骨骼肌质量之间的关系，重点关注 65 岁以下人群的性别差异。

引用次数: 0