罗兴亚移民对孟加拉国Ukhiya周边环境的影响

Mir Md. Mozammal Hoque, M. Rehnuma, S. Uddin, Sabbir Ahmed, Md. Eusuf Sarker, Gautom Kumar Biswas
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引用次数: 2

摘要

这项研究是在考克斯巴扎尔地区的Ukhiya Upazila进行的,以找出由于罗兴亚难民入侵研究地区而造成的社会环境影响。定量和定性工具都用于分析数据和信息,以评估这些影响。根据调查结果,由于罗兴亚难民在研究区域避难,3918英亩的自然森林和1879英亩的人造森林覆盖率遭到破坏。本研究发现,居住在库图帕隆避难区的42%的难民直接依赖森林提供1411吨/天的烹饪木材。此外,罗兴亚人严重影响了研究地区的其他自然资源,包括土壤、农业用地、地表水和地下水。事实上,他们每天使用1826万升水,在2017年8月25日至2018年2月期间,地下水位已经下降了25米。此外,由于罗兴亚移民对所研究地区的影响,约9000公顷种植当地作物(波罗、阿曼、槟榔叶)和水果的农田遭到永久性破坏。我们测量了罗兴亚难民营周围的噪音水平,比美国能源部建议的居住区噪音水平高1.5倍。对难民来说,还发现了各种危及生命的疾病,其中最令人震惊的是白喉。此外,罗兴亚人还参与各种反社会活动,包括走私、贩毒、抢劫、抢夺、盗窃等。这种社会退化可能对整个Teknaf地区的环境和总体社会经济情况造成多重影响。
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Impacts of Rohingya Migration on Surrounding Environment of Ukhiya, Bangladesh
This study was conducted at Ukhiya Upazila of Cox’s Bazar district to find out the socio-environmental impacts due to Rohingya refugee's invasion of the study area. Both the quantitative and qualitative tools were used to analyzed data and information, in order to assess these impacts. According to the finding, 3918 acre natural and 1879 acre man-made forest coverage was damaged due to Rohingya refugees sheltering in the study area. This study finds out that 42% of the refugees living in the Kutupalong sheltering area are directly dependent on the forest for cooking wood of 1411 tons/day. Moreover, Rohingya`s are significantly affecting other natural resources including soil, agricultural land, and surface and ground-water of the study area. In fact, they using 18.26 million liters of water per day and the ground-water level has been depleted by 25 meters during the time period of 25 August 2017 to February 2018. Furthermore, ~9000 hectares of farming land with local crops (Boro, Aman, Betel leaf) and fruits had been permanently damaged as impacts of Rohingya migration on the area studied. We measured the noise level surroundings of the Rohingya camps, which was 1.5 times higher than the DoE recommended value for the residential area. Various life-threatening diseases were also identified towards the refugees among them diphtheria was most alarming. Moreover, Rohingya are also involved in various antisocial activities including smuggling, drug trafficking, robbery, snatch, theft, etc. Such societal degradation might trigger multiplicative impacts on the environment and overall socio-economic circumstances of the whole Teknaf area.
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