英国脱欧后的法国:法国文艺复兴还是地缘政治影响力的丧失?

I. Ivannikov, I. Chernov
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摘要

英国脱欧已成为现代世界重大政治变革的催化剂。本文分析了英国脱欧对法国外交政策立场及其“大国”地位的影响。在国际象棋中,“英国棋”是众所周知的,即玩家牺牲自己的棋子来获得战略优势。在英国退出欧盟后,法国还能打出“英国策略”吗?在现代世界,“大国”的概念主要以一个国家对最重要的全球决策施加严重影响的能力为前提。长期以来,法国无法在国际舞台上单独行动,而是依靠其在欧盟的影响力来实现其目标。因此,很明显,英国退出世界政治“欧洲极”的形成,对欧盟和法国都是一个沉重的打击。当然,在国际关系分析中,“某件事之后”并不一定意味着“某件事的结果”,但在2020-2021年,可以注意到大量事实,证明英国脱欧对法国在欧洲和世界上的作用产生了负面影响。本研究的目的是确定英国退出欧盟对法国在欧盟中的政治角色的影响,以及总体上对法国作为一个大国的全球重要性的影响。作者运用了比较分析、结构功能分析等方法。本研究的实证基础包括媒体材料、当代政治家的声明和演讲,以及法国和欧盟外交政策机构的文件。
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Post-Brexit France: French Renaissance or loss of geopolitical influence?
Brexit has become a catalyst for major political change in the modern world. This article analyzes the consequences Brexit had on France’s foreign policy position and its status as a “great power”. In chess, the “English Gambit” is known, in which a player sacrifices his piece to gain a strategic advantage. Will France be able to play its English Gambit after the British exit from the EU? In the modern world, the concept of a “great power” primarily presupposes the ability of the country to exert a serious influence on the most important global decisions. For a long time, France has not been able to act alone in the international arena and relies on its influence in the EU to achieve its goals. Therefore, it is obvious that Britain’s withdrawal from the forming the “European pole” of world politics was a serious blow both to the EU and to France. Of course, in the analysis of international relations “after something” does not always mean “as a result of something”, but in 2020–2021, a significant number of facts can be noted that testify to the negative impact of Brexit on the role of France in Europe and the world in general. The purpose of this study is to determine the impact of Britain’s exit from the EU on France’s political role in the European Union and, in general, on France’s global importance as a great power. The authors use comparative analysis, structural-functional method, etc. The empirical basis of the study was made up of media materials, statements and speeches of contemporary politicians, and documents of foreign policy institutions of France and the EU.
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