LINGUISTIC FEATURES OF INNOVATIVE PHRASES IN THE ECONOMIC AND BUSINESS SPHERES

It was determined that for the sphere of economy and business, despite the presence of multidirectional phraseology that characterizes economic processes and phenomena, the word “economy”, “economics” remains the most widely used. Linguistic and cultural problems of phraseology in the field of economy and business are addressed to the solution of several issues. The first question concerns the technical side, which consists in clarifying the terminological apparatus of the study. The second refers to the substantive part, which concerns the essence of terminological concepts. In the article, the author singles out the national specifics for the sphere of economy and business (Black Friday, musical-chair county, Fifth Amendment capitalist) revealed when comparing phrases of different languages and determined by two factors: objective and subjective. Cultural specificity for the sphere of economy and business (Christmas creep, Mongolian hordes, proletarian drift) implies the correspondence of the language unit to the element of mentality or spiritual culture of society, its history, beliefs, traditions and natural living conditions. The linguistic and cultural study of phrases should be focused on understanding their national specificity, which is realized in the peculiarities of the interaction of a given language and a given culture. Linguistic and cultural universals in the sphere of economy and business include analogies formed in the American ethno-cultural environment and tested by time: glass ceiling, glass wall, golden bungee, golden handcuffs, golden ghetto, lipstick effect, lipstick indicator, silicon-chip capitalism, Silicon Mountain. It is shown that the mastering of the surrounding reality is produced in a specific way, peculiar to this national and cultural community, which cannot but be reflected in the phrasemes of one or another language. The sphere of economy and business is no exception, in which idioms are formed under the influence of such factors as general human thinking and peculiarities of mastering the surrounding reality. All of the above testifies in favor of the fact that the presence of cultural-linguistic specificity in no way cancels the effects of cultural-linguistic universals. Linguistic facts represent a rich material that indicates the heterogeneous nature of the interaction of universal and specific in the sphere of economy and business.