Philadelphia-positive atypical chronic myeloid leukemia, BCR/ABL negative: a case report

Atypical myeloid leukemia is a myeloproliferative neoplasm in which patients have a dysplastic increase in blood cells of the myeloid lineage as a result of hypercellular bone marrow. Our patient presented a positive Ph karyotype and a negative ABL/BCR transcript. Moreover, her age does not correspond to the mean of diagnosis. Her first treatment was hydroxyurea 1 g/kg for 60 days, which was not positive for the evolution of the disease and thus the elective treatment was changed to imatinib 400 mg/ day. After two months, the treatment has produced a favorable response, which leads to think that the therapy with imatinib offers better clinical results than other conventional ones. This text presents the study carried out at the Manuel Ávila Camacho National Medical Center and compares it with the existing literature regarding diagnosis and treatment to assess similarities and highlight specific points that may help in future case management.