Impact of Energy Storage System on Frequency Control of an Islanded Microgrid

Microgrids (MG) are a new trend on electrical grids. Despite their dependence on intermittent renewable resources, they provide harmful greenhouse gas emissions to our environment and may present a long-term solution to meet future energy needs with sustainable energy resources (e.g. solar example, wind turbine). Initially, the MG adopted is a hybrid system with non-controllable sources as renewable sources, an energy storage system and controllable sources (e.g. diesel generator (DG), fuel cell (FC), micro turbine (MT)) to ensure MG reliability, transparency and efficiency. It’s also recommended to maintain the frequency as part of the quality of electrical energy affected and disturbed by the intermittence of sources and loads that cannot be controlled depending on conditions weather (for example, solar irradiation, wind speed, temperature) and human behavior (load). This article presents a study of the impact of the storage system and the effect of the uncertainties of the MG system and the frequency of noise recovery by applying a secondary control based on a PI control set by combined GATLBO. A simulated isolated MG is tested in scenarios to test the approach adopted to design the PI parameters in order to avoid frequency fluctuation in the different case studies.