超越所有权:人与机器人之间的财产和人格关系

Marco Dehnert, David J. Gunkel
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摘要

随着支持人工智能(AI)的社交机器人不断进入我们的生活世界,我们需要努力应对关于我们与这些技术对象之间关系的假设的挑战。本文在社交机器人、法律研究和人机交流的交叉点上工作,探索人机关系中的所有权概念。特别是,我们利用超越人类的方法来问:在支持人工智能的社交机器人的背景下,我们应该(需要)在多大程度上放弃所有权的概念?特别强调伴侣机器人,我们通过研究人格、关系程度视角和情境方法等概念来探索所有权模式的替代方案,以理解人与机器人的关系。我们的目标是重新想象超越法律限制的人与机器人的关系,通过实用主义的视角来补充现有的哲学方法。我们通过讨论我们提出的观点的实际意义来结束本文。
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Beyond ownership: Human–robot relationships between property and personhood
As artificial intelligence (AI)-enabled social robots continue to enter our lifeworlds, we will need to grapple with challenges to assumptions about our relationship to and even with these technological objects. This essay works at the intersection of social robotics, legal studies, and human–machine communication to explore the concept of ownership in human–machine relations. In particular, we draw on more-than-human approaches to ask: To what extent should (need) we retire the concept of ownership in the context of AI-enabled social robots? With a particular emphasis on companion robots, we explore alternatives to the ownership modality by investigating concepts such as personhood, a degrees-of-relationship perspective, and a situational approach to understanding human–robot relationships. The goal is to re-imagine human–robot relationships beyond legal confinements by engaging a pragmatic perspective that supplements existing philosophical approaches. We conclude the paper by discussing practical implications of our proposed perspective.
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