Toward a Multilevel Model in Longitudinal Studies on Computerization in Offices

The theoretical framework of longitudinal field studies on office automation has expanded from the stress paradigm to the implementation and planning of chance. Research has started to focus on the design processes of both the computer applications and work organizations simultaneously as opposed to the earlier descriptions of the effects of automation stress and well-being. New technology should have a variety increasing rather than a variety-decreasing effect on operations, by supporting flexible and adaptive work organizations instead of formalized hierarchical control and tight standardization of work routines. The goals of planning, the ways of organizing it, and leadership styles are decisive, as regards the benefits and quality of changes. In addition, assessment of possible new health and safety risks at the worksite level should be organized. One future risk factor is information overflow in a multimedia environment with increasing productivity demands. In this article, key psychological question...