鸣禽和机器人的自我觉醒

V. Yerdon
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摘要

在没有生态需要的情况下,鸣禽会唱出优美的旋律,激发人们的想象力和好奇心,探索动物交流认知机制的生物学模型。许多动物的感官信号对科学的逻辑推理来说仍然是个谜。通过生态认知科学中的进化博弈论,预测了信号成本、环境和个体代理的状态,以及在特定情况下应该重视哪些信号(连续的或离散的),但没有给出信号设计的细节,也没有给出信号为何形式如此多样化的任何线索。在这种情况下,调查有“是什么”、“何时/何地”,但没有“为什么”。这反映了关于机器人意识的争论所在。通过编程,机器人可以决定在“如果-那么”的情况下采取行动,并使用逻辑算法来确保计算能够与情况的可能性相匹配,但为了表达感觉、情绪、激情或只是为了行动而随机行动,就超出了计算范围。它是一个存在的意识的“为什么”,在“只是因为”推理的感觉,思想,情感,激情,或同情的行为来实现。来自情感或激情的感知行为可能不是可编程的选择,因为它来自意识自我的身份和自由意志。这篇论文要讨论的问题是,机器人是否有一天能拥有一定程度的意识和感知能力,以与活生生的人类相媲美。本文将研究通过人工智能的智能学习系统,机器人将达到感知和意识水平的位置。电子网络有可能变得更像人类神经网络,这一观点得到了强有力的支持。纳米和生物技术的发展和对人类生理学的理解将会增加,从最小的细节到神经元、网络,再到神经与电子系统的兼容性。人工智能系统已经开始寻求支持,并与生物技术和纳米技术相结合(West, 2000)。
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The Songbird and the Robotic Self-Awakening
The songbird sings a beautiful melody when there is no ecological need, and the imagination and curiosity are fueled for investigation with biological models of cognitive mechanisms of animal communication. Many animal sensory signals remain a mystery to the logical reasoning of science. Through the evolutionary game theory in ecological cognitive science, predictions are made regarding the signal cost, circumstances, and the individual agent’s state, about which signals (continuous or discrete) should be valued in certain circumstances, but not the details of signal design nor any clue as to why the signals are so diverse in form. In this, investigations have the what, when/where, but not the why. This is reflective of where the debate on robotic consciousness sits. A robot can be programmed to decide to carry out an action in an “if-then” case and use logical algorithms to ensure the calculations can be made to match the possibilities of situations, but to act randomly as an expression of feelings, emotions, passions, or just for the sake of the act, is beyond a calculation. It is the “why” of an existent consciousness, in the “just because” reasoning for the feeling, thought, emotion, passion, or compassion that occurred for the act to come to fruition. A sentient act from emotion or passion may not be a programmable option, as it comes from the identity and free will of the conscious self. The question to be discussed in this paper is whether robots could someday possess a level of consciousness and sentience, to match that of a living human being. This paper will investigate the position that robots will reach a level of sentience and consciousness through the intelligent learning systems of AI. There is strong support for the position that there is a way for electronic networks to become more like human neural networks. The nano and biotechnology grow and the understanding of the human physiology will increase, throughout the smallest of details with neurons, networks, and into the compatibility of neural with electronic systems. AI systems have begun to find support and integration with biotechnology with nanotechnology (West, 2000).
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